Amonafide

Amonafide (NSC-308847,AS1413) 是一种拓扑异构酶 II 的抑制剂和 DNA 的嵌入剂，通过拓扑异构酶 II 介导的反应产生蛋白质相关的 DNA 链断裂

Amonafide dihydrochloride is the dihydrochloride salt of amonafide, an imide derivative of naphthalic acid. Amonafide intercalates into DNA and inhibits topoisomerase II, resulting in protein-associated strand breaks and impaired DNA and RNA synthesis.

Amonafide L-malate is the malate salt of amonafide, an imide derivative of naphthalic acid, with potential antineoplastic activity. Amonafide intercalates into DNA and inhibits topoisomerase II, resulting in DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) and inhibition of DNA replication and RNA synthesis.

CGP 55845 is a potent, selective GABAB receptor antagonist (IC50 = 5 nM) that prevents agonist binding (pKi = 8.35) and inhibits GABA and glutamate release (pEC50 values are 8.08 and 7.85 respectively).

UNBS3157是一种新型的非血液毒性萘酰亚胺衍生物，具有强大的抗肿瘤活性，能够通过DNA插入作用和毒化拓扑异构酶IIalpha来与DNA结合。与之相关的萘酰亚胺类化合物Amonafide在二期乳腺癌试验中表现出了活性，但由于限制剂量的骨髓毒性，目前尚未进入三期临床试验。相比之下，UNBS3157的最大耐受剂量比Amonafide高出3-4倍，并且在显示出显著抗肿瘤效果的剂量下未引起小鼠的血液毒性。此外，在活体内模型中，包括(i) L1210鼠白血病、(ii) MXT-HI鼠乳腺腺癌、以及(iii)人类A549非小细胞肺癌和BxPC3胰腺癌原位模型中，UNBS3157显示出优于Amonafide的效果。

Ethonafide is an anthracene-containing derivative of amonafide that belongs to the azonafide series of anticancer agents. The lack of cross-resistance in multidrug-resistant cancer cell lines and the absence of a quinone and hydroquinone moiety make ethonafide a potentially less cardiotoxic replacement for existing anthracene-containing anticancer agents. Ethonafide was cytotoxic against three human prostate cancer cell lines at nanomolar concentrations. Ethonafide was found to be better tolerated and more effective at inhibiting tumor growth compared with mitoxantrone in a human xenograft tumor regression mouse model. Mechanistically, we found that ethonafide inhibited topoisomerase II activity by stabilizing the enzyme-DNA complex, involving both topoisomerase IIalpha and -beta. In addition, ethonafide induced a potent G(2) cell cycle arrest in the DU 145 human prostate cancer cell line. By creating stable cell lines with decreased expression of topoisomerase IIalpha or -be......