目录号 | 产品详情 | 靶点 | |
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T73852 | |||
Ac-YVAD-CHO(L-709049)醋酸盐是一种高效、可逆、特异的四肽白介素1β转化酶(ICE)抑制剂,小鼠和人类的Ki值分别为3.0 nM和0.76 nM。它同时也能抑制caspase-1,从而抑制成熟IL-lβ的产生。 | |||
T78860 | Monoamine Oxidase | ||
MAO-B-IN-24(化合物11h)为针对MAO-B的选择性、可逆性竞争抑制剂,抑制常数(IC50)为1.60 μM。该化合物同样对MAO-A表现出一定抑制效果(22.42 μM),并在10 μM的浓度时分别降低了AChE和BChE的活性至54.58%及88.43%。 | |||
T69230 | |||
AZD1236 is a potent and reversible inhibitor of human MMP-9 and MMP-12 (IC50 = 4.5 and 6.1nM, respectively), with >10-fold selectivity to MMP-2 and MMP-13 and >350-fold selectivity to other members of the enzyme family. AZD1236 activity is approximately 20 to 50-fold lower at the rat, mouse, and guinea pig orthologues. In acute models of lung injury, AZD1236 inhibited the haemorrhage and inflammation induced by instillation of human MMP-12 into rat lungs by ~80% at 0.81mg/kg, and also abolished macrophage infiltration into BAL fluid induced by tobacco smoke inhalation in the mouse. | |||
T36947 | |||
Pyrithiamine is the pyridine analog of thiamine that prevents growth of organisms that require intact thiamine. [1] It inhibits the growth of bacterial and fungal species at a pyrithiamine:thiamine ratio of 10:1 in growth media and induces symptoms of thiamine deficiency in mice at a dietary ratio of 3:1. These effects are reversible with addition of sufficient thiamine in all species. Pyrithiamine inhibits the formation of cocarboxylase from thiamine in chicken blood in a dose-dependent manner. [2] It has been used to induce thiamine deficiency in various disease models, including rat models of alcoholism and diencephalic amnesia, to study the effects of thiamine deficiency on disease pathology.[3] [4] Reference:[1]. Woolley, D.W., and White, A.G.C. Selective reversible inhibition of microbial growth with pyrithiamine. J. Exp. Med. 78(6), 489-497 (1943).[2]. Woolley, D.W. An enzymatic study of the mode of action of pyrithiamine (neopyrithiamine). J. Biol. Chem. 191(1), 43-54 (1951).[3]. Vetreno, R.P., Anzalone, S.J., and Savage, L.M. Impaired, spared, and enhanced ACh efflux across the hippocampus and striatum in diencephalic amnesia is dependent on task demands. Neurobiol. Learn Mem. 90(1), 237-244 (2008).[4]. Zahr, N.M., Sullivan, E.V., Rohlfing, T., et al. Concomitants of alcoholism: Differential effects of thiamine deficiency, liver damage, and food deprivation on the rat brain in vivo. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 233(14), 2675-2686 (2016). | |||
T79700 | Glucosidase | ||
α-Glucosidase-IN-32 (compound f26),是一种口服有效的α-glucosidase抑制剂,具有可逆、非竞争性特点,IC50值为3.07 μM。该化合物通过与α-glucosidase形成氢键和疏水相互作用,以改变其构象和二级结构,从而抑制酶活性。α-Glucosidase-IN-32 主要用于糖尿病研究。 | |||
T74557 | PROTACs | ||
α1A-AR Degrader 9c(化合物 9c)是一种高效、选择性且可逆的α1A-AR PROTAC降解剂,DC50值为2.86 μM。它通过蛋白酶体途径诱导α1A-AR的降解,并且在抑制PC-3细胞增殖方面表现出活性,IC50为6.12 μM。此外,α1A-AR Degrader 9c展现出在前列腺癌研究中的抗肿瘤潜力。 | |||
T62937 | |||
MAGLi 432 是一种有效的、高度选择性的、非共价的、可逆的 (MAGL) 抑制剂。MAGLi 432 能够高亲和力的结合 MAGL 活性位点,其 IC50 值为 4.2 nM (human enzyme) 和 3.1 nM (mouse enzyme)。MAGLi 432 能够用于研究慢性炎症、多发性硬化症、血脑屏障功能障碍、阿尔茨海默病和帕金森病等神经系统疾病。 | |||
T22238 | |||
Alvimopan dihydrate(ADL 8-2698 dihydrate)是一种有效的μ-阿片受体(μ-opioid receptor)可逆拮抗剂,具备口服活性,选择性强,IC50值为1.7 nM。其对μ-阿片受体的选择性(Ki=0.47 nM)远高于κ-(Ki=100 nM)和δ-阿片受体(Ki=12 nM),显示出在术后肠梗阻研究中的潜力。 | |||
T79635 | Phosphatase | ||
LYP-IN-4(compound D14)是一种针对淋巴酪氨酸磷酸酶(LYP)的可逆且特异性抑制剂,具有Ki值1.34 μM和IC50值3.52 μM。该化合物通过抑制LYP来调控TCR信号传递,并上调PD-1/PD-L1的表达,以此增强抗肿瘤免疫反应。此外,LYP-IN-4能够激活T细胞、抑制M2型巨噬细胞的极化,并在MC38同基因小鼠模型中抑制肿瘤生长。 | |||
T72244 | |||
CBB1007三盐酸盐是 LSD1选择性抑制剂,IC50值为5.27uM。 |
目录号 | 产品名/同用名 | 种属 | 表达系统 | ||
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TMPY-02279 | Nucleoside phosphorylase/PNP Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | E. coli | ||
Purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) is a purine-metabolizing enzyme that catalyzes the reversible phosphorolysis of 6-oxypurine (deoxy)nucleosides to their respective bases and (deoxy)ribose-1-phosphate. It is a key enzyme in the purine salvage pathway of mammalian cells. Purine nucleoside phosphorylase is a transferase that catalyzes the addition of phosphate and removal of a purine base from guanosine and similar nucleosides.PNP defects result in metabolic abnormalities and fatal T cell immunodeficiency. Purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) is a target for leukemia, gout, and autoimmune disorders.
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TMPH-01038 | CA5A Protein, Human, Recombinant | Human | HEK293 Cells | ||
Reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. Low activity. CA5A Protein, Human, Recombinant is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells. The predicted molecular weight is 30.6 kDa and the accession number is P35218.
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TMPH-00515 | PPDK Protein, Entamoeba histolytica, Recombinant (His & SUMO) | Entamoeba histolytica | E. coli | ||
Catalyzes the reversible phosphorylation of pyruvate and phosphate. In E.histolytica and C.symbiosus, PPDK functions in the direction of ATP synthesis.
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TMPJ-00826 | TXN Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | E. coli | ||
Thioredoxin (TXN) is a member of the Thioredoxin family. Thioredoxin exists as a disulfide-linked homodimer and contains one Thioredoxin domain. Thioredoxin is up-regulated by ionizing radiation. Thioredoxin participates in various redox reactions through the reversible oxidation of its active center dithiol to a disulfide and catalyzes dithiol-disulfide exchange reactions. Thioredoxin also plays a role in the reversible S-nitrosylation of cysteine residues in target proteins, and thereby contributes to the response to intracellular nitric oxide.
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TMPH-03258 | Carbonic Anhydrase 1 Protein, Rat, Recombinant (His & SUMO) | Rat | E. coli | ||
Reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. Carbonic Anhydrase 1 Protein, Rat, Recombinant (His & SUMO) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-6xHis-SUMO tag. The predicted molecular weight is 44.2 kDa and the accession number is B0BNN3.
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TMPH-01085 | CHAT Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | E. coli | ||
Catalyzes the reversible synthesis of acetylcholine (ACh) from acetyl CoA and choline at cholinergic synapses. CHAT Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-6xHis tag. The predicted molecular weight is 72.7 kDa and the accession number is P28329.
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TMPH-00312 | Malate dehydrogenase Protein, Brucella abortus, Recombinant (His & Myc & SUMO) | Brucella abortus | E. coli | ||
Catalyzes the reversible oxidation of malate to oxaloacetate. Malate dehydrogenase Protein, Brucella abortus, Recombinant (His & Myc & SUMO) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-10xHis-SUMO and C-Myc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 53.7 kDa and the accession number is B2S881.
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TMPH-00398 | PPK2 Protein, Chlorobium tepidum, Recombinant (His & Myc) | Chlorobaculum tepidum | E. coli | ||
Catalyzes the reversible transfer of the terminal phosphate of ATP to form a long-chain polyphosphate (polyP). PPK2 Protein, Chlorobium tepidum, Recombinant (His & Myc) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-10xHis and C-Myc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 34.4 kDa and the accession number is O68984.
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TMPH-03021 | PstP Protein, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Recombinant (His) | Mycobacterium tuberculosis | E. coli | ||
Plays an important role in regulating cell division and growth by reversible phosphorylation signaling. May play important roles in regulating cellular metabolism and signaling pathways, which could mediate the growth and development of the cell. Plays a role in establishing and maintaining infection.
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TMPJ-01207 | UPP1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | E. coli | ||
Uridinephosphorylase 1 (UPP1) is a member of the family of pentosyltransferase. UPP1 catalyses the reversible phosphorolysis of uridine to uracil. The expression levels and the enzymatic activity of UPP1 are higher in human solid tumors than in adjacent normal tissues. The high level of UPP1 expression in some tumors makes it a potential prognosticfactor for some cancers, such as oral squamous cell carcinoma. UPP1 is important for the homeostatic regulation of intracellular and plasma uridine concentratios. UPP1 plays an important role in the pyrimidine salvage pathway through its catalysis of the reversible phosphorolysis of uridine to uracil.
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TMPH-00739 | Thioredoxin-1 Protein, E. coli, Recombinant (His) | E. coli | E. coli | ||
Participates in various redox reactions through the reversible oxidation of its active center dithiol to a disulfide and catalyzes dithiol-disulfide exchange reactions. Thioredoxin-1 Protein, E. coli, Recombinant (His) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-6xHis tag. The predicted molecular weight is 15.7 kDa and the accession number is P0AA25.
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TMPH-00422 | Ppdk Protein, Clostridium symbiosum, Recombinant (His & Myc) | Clostridium symbiosum | E. coli | ||
Catalyzes the reversible phosphorylation of pyruvate and phosphate. In E.histolytica and C.symbiosus, PPDK functions in the direction of ATP synthesis. Ppdk Protein, Clostridium symbiosum, Recombinant (His & Myc) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-10xHis and C-Myc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 20.5 kDa and the accession number is P22983.
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TMPH-02195 | TXNDC17 Protein, Human, Recombinant (GST) | Human | E. coli | ||
Disulfide reductase. May participate in various redox reactions through the reversible oxidation of its active center dithiol to a disulfide and catalyze dithiol-disulfide exchange reactions. Modulates TNF-alpha signaling and NF-kappa-B activation. Has peroxidase activity and may contribute to the elimination of cellular hydrogen peroxide.
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TMPH-00911 | GPT Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | E. coli | ||
Catalyzes the reversible transamination between alanine and 2-oxoglutarate to form pyruvate and glutamate. Participates in cellular nitrogen metabolism and also in liver gluconeogenesis starting with precursors transported from skeletal muscles. GPT Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-6xHis tag. The predicted molecular weight is 58.5 kDa and the accession number is P24298.
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TMPJ-01278 | SENP8 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | E. coli | ||
Sentrin-Specific Protease 8 (SENP8) mediates the reversible covalent modification of proteins by NEDD8. SENP8 catalyzes the full-length NEDD8 to generate its mature form and deconjugation of NEDD8 from targeted proteins such as CUL2 , CUL4A in vivo, or p53. but it does not show activity against ubiquitin or SUMO proteins.
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TMPH-03259 | Carbonic Anhydrase 2 Protein, Rat, Recombinant (His) | Rat | E. coli | ||
Essential for bone resorption and osteoclast differentiation. Reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. Contributes to intracellular pH regulation in the duodenal upper villous epithelium during proton-coupled peptide absorption. Stimulates the chloride-bicarbonate exchange activity of SLC26A6. Carbonic Anhydrase 2 Protein, Rat, Recombinant (His) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-6xHis tag. The predicted molecular weight is 31.7 kDa and the accession number is P27139.
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TMPH-03503 | Adenylate kinase Protein, Shigella flexneri, Recombinant (His & Myc & SUMO) | Shigella flexneri | E. coli | ||
Catalyzes the reversible transfer of the terminal phosphate group between ATP and AMP. Plays an important role in cellular energy homeostasis and in adenine nucleotide metabolism. Adenylate kinase Protein, Shigella flexneri, Recombinant (His & Myc & SUMO) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-10xHis-SUMO and C-Myc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 43.6 kDa and the accession number is Q83M40.
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TMPH-03022 | PstP Protein, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Recombinant | Mycobacterium tuberculosis | E. coli | ||
Plays an important role in regulating cell division and growth by reversible phosphorylation signaling. May play important roles in regulating cellular metabolism and signaling pathways, which could mediate the growth and development of the cell. Plays a role in establishing and maintaining infection. PstP Protein, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Recombinant is expressed in E. coli expression system. The predicted molecular weight is 25.3 kDa and the accession number is P9WHW4.
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TMPH-03584 | Shikimate dehydrogenase Protein, S. epidermidis, Recombinant (His & Myc) | Staphylococcus epidermidis | E. coli | ||
Involved in the biosynthesis of the chorismate, which leads to the biosynthesis of aromatic amino acids. Catalyzes the reversible NADPH linked reduction of 3-dehydroshikimate (DHSA) to yield shikimate (SA). It can also use NAD to oxidize shikimate. Shikimate dehydrogenase Protein, S. epidermidis, Recombinant (His & Myc) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-10xHis and C-Myc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 37.4 kDa and the accession number is Q5HNV1.
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TMPH-01678 | MMUT Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | E. coli | ||
Catalyzes the reversible isomerization of methylmalonyl-CoA (MMCoA) (generated from branched-chain amino acid metabolism and degradation of dietary odd chain fatty acids and cholesterol) to succinyl-CoA (3-carboxypropionyl-CoA), a key intermediate of the tricarboxylic acid cycle. MMUT Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-6xHis tag. The predicted molecular weight is 84.8 kDa and the accession number is P22033.
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TMPJ-00818 | ALDOC Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | HEK293 Cells | ||
Fructose-bisphosphate aldolase C (ALDOC) belongs to the class I fructose-bisphosphate aldolase family. It is an enzyme that, in humans, is encoded by the ALDOC gene. ALDOC is expressed exclusively in the hippocampus and Purkinje cells of the brain. ALDOC is a glycolytic enzyme which catalyzes the reversible aldol cleavage of fructose-1,6-biphosphate and fructose 1-phosphate to dihydroxyacetone phosphate and either glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate or glyceraldehydes respectively
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TMPY-03386 | ART3 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | HEK293 Cells | ||
ART3 is an arginine-specific ADP-ribosyltransferase which belongs to the Arg-specific ADP-ribosyltransferase family. ART3 catalyzes a reversible reaction which modifies proteins by the addition or removal of ADP-ribose to an arginine residue to regulate the function of the modified protein. It is expressed specifically in testis. ART3 pseudogene is located on chromosome 11. ART3 was identified as a susceptibility gene for non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA). It is a novel therapeutic target in the treatment of NOA.
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TMPJ-00956 | MDH2 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | HEK293 Cells | ||
Malate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial is a 338 amino acids protein that belongs to the LDH/MDH superfamily. MDH type 1 family. MDH2 catalyzes the reversible oxidation of malate to oxaloacetate, utilizing the NAD/NADH cofactor system in the citric acid cycle. MDH2 is localized to the mitochondria and takes part in the malate-aspartate shuttle that functions in the metabolic coordination between cytosol and mitochondria. MDH2 is highly expressed in the adrenal system, small intestine, heart and pancreas.
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TMPJ-00313 | Fumarase Protein, Human, Recombinant | Human | E. coli | ||
Fumarase is an enzyme that catalyze the reversible hydration/dehydration of fumarate to S-malate and is involved in the tricarboxylic acid or Krebs cycle. Fumarase exists in both form, cytosolic formand N-terminal extend mitochondrial form. The N-terminal extended form is targeted to the mitochondrion, where the removal of the extension is the same form as in the cytoplasm. Fumarase is thought to act as a tumor suppressor, which deficiency can lead to progressive encephalopathy, cerebral atrophy and development delay.
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TMPJ-00484 | SHMT1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | HEK293 Cells | ||
Serine Hydroxymethyltransferase Cytosolic (SHMT1) is a member of the SHMT family. SHMT1 is a cytoplasmic protein and exists as a homotetramer. SHMT1 catalyzes the reversible conversion of serine and tetrahydrofolate to glycine and 5,10-methylene tetrahydrofolate. This reaction provides one carbon unit for the synthesis of methionine, thymidylate, and purines in the cytoplasm. A reduction in SHMT1 levels would result in less glycine that could affect the nervous system by acting as an agonist to the NMDA receptor and this could be a mechanism behind Smith-Magenis syndrome.
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TMPJ-00701 | Carbonic Anhydrase 11 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | HEK293 Cells | ||
Carbonic Anhydrase-Related Protein 11 (CA11) is a secreted protein member of the α-carbonic anhydrase family. Carbonic Anhydrases (CAs) are a large family of zinc metalloenzymes that catalyze the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. They participate in a variety of biological processes, including respiration, calcification, acid-base balance, bone resorption, and the formation of aqueous humor, cerebrospinal fluid, saliva, and gastric acid. CA11 is expressed abundantly in the brain with moderate expression also present in spinal cord and thyroid. CA11 may play a general role in the central nervous system.
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TMPJ-00601 | Apolipoprotein C-II/APOC2 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | E. coli | ||
APOC2 activates the lipoprotein lipase in capillaries, which hydrolyzes triglycerides and thus provides free fatty acids for cells. APOC2 is component of the very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) fraction in plasma. It is also an activator of several triacylglycerol lipases. The association of APOC2 with plasma chylomicrons, VLDL, and HDL is reversible, a function of the secretion and catabolism of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, and changes rapidly. Defects in APOC2 are the cause of hyperlipoproteinemia type 1B (HLPP1B) which characterized by hypertriglyceridemia, xanthomas, and increased risk of pancreatitis and early atherosclerosis.
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TMPJ-00283 | Carbonic Anhydrase 9 Protein, Human, Recombinant (Avi & His), Biotinylated | Human | HEK293 Cells | ||
Carbonic anhydrases IX (CA IX), also known as membrane antigen MN or CA9, is a member of the carbonic anhydrase (CA) family and may be involved in cell proliferation and cellular transformation. CAs are zinc metalloenzymes that catalyze the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide (H2O + CO2 = H+ + HCO3–) and thus participate in a variety of biological and physical processes. CA9 is a transmembrane enzyme expressed primarily in carcinoma cells. It is one of the best markers for hypoxia and for RCC. Appears to be a novel specific biomarker for a cervical neoplasia.
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TMPJ-00731 | Carbonic Anhydrase 1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | E. coli | ||
Carbonic Anhydrase 1 (CA1) is a cytosolic enzyme, belonging to the alpha-carbonic anhydrase family. It is highly expressed in erythrocytes and acts as an early marker for erythroid differentiation. Carbonic anhydrase 1 plays a improtant role in many biological processes such as calcification, cellular respiration, bone resorption, acid-base balance. It is activated by imidazole, histamine, L-adrenaline, L- and D-histidine, and L- and D-phenylalanine. At the same time, It is inhibited by sulfonamide derivatives and coumarins. In addition, CA1 is a zinc metalloenzyme that has reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. It can hydrate cyanamide to urea.
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TMPY-01877 | CA5A Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | E. coli | ||
Carbonic anhydrase 5A, mitochondrial, also known as Carbonate dehydratase VA, Carbonic anhydrase VA, CA-VA and CA5A, is a member of thealpha-carbonic anhydrase family. Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are a large family of zinc metalloenzymes first discovered in 1933 that catalyze the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. CAs participate in a variety of biological processes, including respiration, calcification, acid-base balance, bone resorption, and the formation of aqueous humor, cerebrospinal fluid, saliva, and gastric acid. CA5A / CA-VA is activated by histamine, L-adrenaline, L- and D-histidine, and L- and D-phenylalanine. It is inhibited by coumarins, sulfonamide derivatives such as acetazolamide and Foscarnet (phosphonoformate trisodium salt).
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TMPY-02277 | Carbonic Anhydrase 7 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | E. coli | ||
Carbonic anhydrase 7, also known as carbonate dehydratase VII, carbonic anhydrase VII, CA-VII and CA7, is a cytoplasm protein which belongs to thealpha-carbonic anhydrase family. Carbonic anhydrases are a large family of zinc metalloenzymes that catalyze the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. They participate in a variety of biological processes, including respiration, calcification, acid-base balance, bone resorption, and the formation of aqueous humor, cerebrospinal fluid, saliva, and gastric acid. Carbonic anhydrases show extensive diversity in tissue distribution and in their subcellular localization. CA7 / CA-VII is predominantly expressed in the salivary glands. Alternative splicing in the coding region results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms.
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TMPY-02453 | CROT Protein, Human, Recombinant (474 Leu/Val, His) | Human | Baculovirus Insect Cells | ||
Carnitine octanoyltransferase (CROT or COT), also known as octanoyl-CoA: L-carnitine O-octanoyltransferase, medium-chain/long-chain carnitine acyltransferase, and carnitine medium-chain acyltransferase, is a carnitine acyltransferase belonging to the family of transferases, specifically those acyltransferases transferring groups other than aminoacyl groups that catalyzes the reversible transfer of fatty acyl groups between CoA and carnitine. Carnitine octanoyltransferase (CROT or COT) facilitate the transport of medium- and long-chain fatty acids through the peroxisomal and mitochondrial membranes. It is physiologically inhibited by malonyl-CoA. COT also has functions in efficiently converting one of the end products of the peroxisomal beta-oxidation of pristanic acid, 4, 8-dimethylnonanoyl-CoA, to its corresponding carnitine ester.
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TMPY-03755 | Glycerol 3 Phosphate Dehydrogenase/GPD1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | E. coli | ||
GPD1 (Glycerol-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase 1) is a Protein Coding gene. 2 alternatively spliced human isoforms have been reported. GPD1 is a member of the NAD-dependent glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase family. The encoded protein plays a critical role in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism by catalyzing the reversible conversion of dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) and reduced nicotine adenine dinucleotide (NADH) to glycerol-3-phosphate (G3P) and NAD+. It also reduces nicotine adenine dinucleotide (NADH) to glycerol-3-phosphate (G3P) and NAD+. Meanwhile, GPD1 and mitochondrial glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase also form a glycerol phosphate shuttle that facilitates the transfer of reducing equivalents from the cytosol to mitochondria. Diseases associated with GPD1 include Hypertriglyceridemia, Transient Infantile, and Myopathy, Distal, 1.
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TMPJ-00497 | CTSB Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | HEK293 Cells | ||
Cathepsin B is an enzymatic protein belonging to the peptidase (or protease) families. The protein encoded by this gene is a lysosomal cysteine protease composed of a dimer of disulfide-linked heavy and light chains, both produced from a single protein precursor. It is a member of the peptidase C1 family. At least five transcript variants encoding the same protein have been found for this gene. Cystatin-B / CSTB is an intracellular thiol proteinase inhibitor. Tightly binding reversible inhibitor of cathepsins L, H and B. Cystatin-B / CSTB is able to form a dimer stabilized by noncovalent forces, inhibiting papain and cathepsins l, h and b. Cystatin-B / CSTB is also thought to play a role in protecting against the proteases leaking from lysosomes.
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TMPJ-01034 | TIM Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | E. coli | ||
Triose-phosphate isomerase, also named Triose-phosphate isomerase, TPI and TIM, is an enzyme that catalyzes the reversible interconversion of the triose phosphate isomers dihydroxyacetone phosphate and D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate. TPI has been found in nearly every organism searched for the enzyme, including animals such as mammals and insects as well as in fungi, plants, and bacteria. However, some bacteria that do not perform glycolysis, like ureaplasmas, lack TPI. TPI plays an important role in glycolysis and is essential for efficient energy production. TPI deficiency is an autosomal recessive disorder and the most severe clinical disorder of glycolysis. Triose phosphate isomerase deficiency is associated with neonatal jaundice, chronic hemolytic anemia, progressive neuromuscular dysfunction, cardiomyopathy and increased susceptibility to infection and characterized by chronic hemolytic anemia.
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TMPY-04568 | PDK1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | Baculovirus Insect Cells | ||
Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase, isozyme 1, also known as [Pyruvate dehydrogenase [lipoamide]] kinase isozyme 1, mitochondrial and PDK1, is a member of the PDK / BCKDK protein kinase family. PDK-1 is expressed predominantly in the heart. It contains one histidine kinase domain. Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK) isoforms are molecular switches that downregulate the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) by reversible phosphorylation in mitochondria. An inhibitory effect of lipoic acid on PDKs would result in less phosphorylation of E1 and hence increased PDC activity. At least two isoenzymic forms of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase ( PDK-1 and PDK-2 ) may be involved in the regulation of enzymatic activity of mammalian pyruvate dehydrogenase complex by phosphorylation. PDK-3 appears to have the highest specific activity among the three isoenzymes. PDK-1 inhibits the mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase complex by phosphorylation of the E1 alpha subunit, thus contributing to the regulation of glucose metabolism.
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TMPY-01100 | GPT2 Protein, Rat, Recombinant (His) | Rat | Baculovirus Insect Cells | ||
Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), also known as glutamate pyruvate transaminase (Gpt), is a pyridoxal enzyme that catalyzes the reversible interconversion of L-alanine and 2-oxoglutalate to pyruvate and L-glutamate and plays a key role in the intermediary metabolism of glucose and amino acids. As a key enzyme for gluconeogenesis, Gpt is a widely-used serum marker for liver injury. Two ALT isoenzymes have been identified, ALT1 and ALT2 (GPT1 and GPT2), which are encoded by separate genes and share significant sequence homology, but differ in their expression patterns. Gpt1 is widely distributed and mainly expressed in the intestine, liver, fat tissues, colon, muscle, and heart, in the order of high to low expression level, whereas Gpt2 expression is more restricted, mainly in the liver, muscle, brain, and white adipose tissue. It has been reported that hepatic ALT2 protein is approximately four times higher in male rats than in female rats.
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TMPJ-01106 | NAD(P) transhydrogenase/NNT Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | E. coli | ||
NAD(P)+transhydrogenase (NNT) is located in the inner mitochondrial membrane and catalyzes a reversible hydride transfer between NAD(H) and NADP(H) that is coupled to proton translocation between the intermembrane space and mitochondrial matrix. NNT activity has an essential role in maintaining the NADPH supply for antioxidant defense and biosynthetic pathways. Structurally, NNT is composed of three domains; domains I and III are hydrophilic and have binding sites for NAD and NADP, respectively, while domain II is hydrophobic and is a transmembrane pathway through which protons translocate. NNT forms dimers, whose monomers act in an anti-phase way; domain III (NADP(H)- binding) flips, allowing proton translocation across the inner mitochondrial membrane one moment and favoring hydride transfer between NAD(H) and NADP(H) the next. And NNT pathophysiological roles after the discovery of a spontaneous Nnt mutation in C57BL/6J mice. And Nnt silencing reduced the growth of cancer cell lines, suggesting that NNT might be a therapeutic target in some cancers.
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TMPY-01099 | GPT Protein, Rat, Recombinant (His) | Rat | Baculovirus Insect Cells | ||
Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), also known as glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT), is a pyridoxal enzyme that belongs to the class-I pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family, Alanine aminotransferase subfamily. Gpt / Gpt1 / ALT catalyzes the reversible interconversion of L-alanine and 2-oxoglutalate to pyruvate and L-glutamate and plays a key role in the intermediary metabolism of glucose and amino acids. Gpt / Gpt1 / ALT is expressed in the liver, kidney, heart, and skeletal muscles and it expresses at moderate levels in the adipose tissue. As a key enzyme for gluconeogenesis, Gpt is a widely-used serum marker for liver injury. Two ALT isoenzymes have been identified, ALT1 and ALT2 (GPT1 and GPT2), which are encoded by separate genes and share significant sequence homology, but differ in their expression patterns. GPT1/GPT is widely distributed and mainly expressed in the intestine, liver, fat tissues, colon, muscle, and heart, in the order of high to low expression level. Serum activity levels of this enzyme are routinely used as a biomarker of liver injury caused by drug toxicity, infection, alcohol, and steatosis.
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TMPY-01734 | CA13 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | E. coli | ||
The carbonic anhydrases (or carbonate dehydratases) are classified as metalloenzyme for its zinc ion prosthetic group and form a family of enzymes that catalyze the rapid interconversion of carbon dioxide and water to bicarbonate and protons, a reversible reaction that takes part in maintaining acid-base balance in blood and other tissues. The carbonic anhydrasekl (CA) family consists of at least 11 enzymatically active members and a few inactive homologous proteins. The CAXIII is a member of the CA family, which owns a globular molecule with high structural similarity to cytosolic isozymes, CAI, II, and III. Recombinant mouse CAXIII showed catalytic activity similar to those of mitochondrial CAV and cytosolic CAI. In human tissues, CAXIII expression was identified in the thymus, small intestine, spleen, prostate, ovary, colon, and testis. In mouse, positive tissues included the spleen, lung, kidney, heart, brain, skeletal muscle, and testis. In conclusion, the predicted amino acid sequence, structural model, distribution, and activity data suggest that CAXIII represents a novel enzyme, which may play important physiological roles in several organs.
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TMPY-00583 | ADPRH Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | E. coli | ||
Cholera toxin (CT) produced by Vibrio cholerae causes the devastating diarrhea of cholera by catalyzing the ADP-ribosylation of the alpha subunit of the intestinal Gs protein (Gsalpha), leading to characteristic water and electrolyte losses. Mammalian cells contain ADP-ribosyltransferases similar to CT and an ADP-ribosyl(arginine)protein hydrolase (ADPRH), which cleaves the ADP-ribose-(arginine)protein bond, regenerating native protein and completing an ADP-ribosylation cycle. CT-catalyzed ADP-ribosylation of cell proteins can be counteracted by ADPRH, which could function as a modifier gene in disease. Further, our study demonstrates that enzymatic cross talk exists between bacterial toxin ADP-ribosyltransferases and host ADP-ribosylation cycles. In disease, toxin-catalyzed ADP-ribosylation overwhelms this potential host defense system, resulting in persistence of ADP-ribosylation and intoxication of the cell. Mono-ADP-ribosylation is a reversible modification of proteins with NAD:arginine ADP-ribosyltransferases and ADP-ribosylarginine hydrolases (ADPRH) catalyzing the opposing arms of an ADP-ribosylation cycle. The ADPRH cDNA had been cloned from human, rat, and mouse tissues and high levels of mRNA were found in brain, spleen, and testis. Human ADP-ribosylhydrolase 1 (hARH1, ADPRH) cleaves the glycosidic bond of ADP-ribose attached to an Arg residue of a protein.
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TMPY-02133 | Carbonic Anhydrase VB Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | E. coli | ||
Carbonic anhydrase 5B, also known as carbonate dehydratase VB, carbonic anhydrase VB, CA-VB and CA5B, is amember of the alpha-carbonic anhydrase family. The strongest expression of CA5B / CA-VB is in heart, pancreas, kidney, placenta, lung, and skeletal muscle. It is not expressed in liver. Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are a large family of zinc metalloenzymes first discovered in 1933 that catalyze the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. CAs participate in a variety of biological processes, including respiration, calcification, acid-base balance, bone resorption, and the formation of aqueous humor, cerebrospinal fluid, saliva, and gastric acid. CAs show extensive diversity in tissue distribution and in their subcellular localization. CA5B / CA-VB is localized in the mitochondria and shows the highest sequence similarity to the other mitochondrial CA5A / CA-VA. CA5B / CA-VB has a wider tissue distribution than CA5A / CA-VA, which is restricted to the liver. The differences in tissue distribution suggest that the two mitochondrial carbonic anhydrases evolved to assume different physiologic roles. CA5A / CA-VA is activated by histamine, L-adrenaline, L- and D-histidine, and L- and D-phenylalanine. It is inhibited by coumarins, sulfonamide derivatives such as acetazolamide and Foscarnet (phosphonoformate trisodium salt). CA5B / CA-VB is inhibited by coumarins, sulfonamide derivatives such as acetazolamide (AZA), saccharin and Foscarnet (phosphonoformate trisodium salt).
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TMPY-02090 | Cystatin B Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | E. coli | ||
Cystatin-B, also known as CPI-B, Liver thiol proteinase inhibitor, Stefin-B, CSTB and CST6, is a cytoplasm and nucleus protein which belongs to thecystatin family. Cystatin-B / CSTB is an intracellular thiol proteinase inhibitor. Tightly binding reversible inhibitor of cathepsins L, H and B. Cystatin-B / CSTB is able to form a dimer stabilized by noncovalent forces, inhibiting papain and cathepsins l, h and b. Cystatin-B / CSTB is also thought to play a role in protecting against the proteases leaking from lysosomes. Defects in Cystatin-B / CSTB are the cause of progressive myoclonic epilepsy type 1 (EPM1) which is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by severe, stimulus-sensitive myoclonus and tonic-clonic seizures. The cystatins are a family of cysteine protease inhibitors with homology to chicken cystatin. Cystatins are physiological inhibitors of cysteine proteinases which are widely distributed in human tissues and fluids. Cystatins typically comprise about 115 amino acids, are largely acidic, contain four conserved cysteine residues known to form two disulfide bonds. Cystatins may be glycosylated and / or phosphorylated, with similarity to fetuins, kininogens, stefins, histidine-rich glycoproteins and cystatin-related proteins. Some of the members are active cysteine protease inhibitors, while others have lost or perhaps never acquired inhibitory activity. Cystatins mainly inhibit peptidases belonging to peptidase families C1 (papain family) and C13 (legumain family).
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TMPY-02510 | HIST2H2BE Protein, Human, Recombinant | Human | E. coli | ||
Histones are a complex family of highly conserved basic proteins responsible for packaging chromosomal DNA into nucleosomes. Histone proteins exhibit two levels of diversity: 1. evolutionary diversity between species and 2. subtype diversity in a class(H1, H2A, H2B, H3 or H4) within a species. It has become more and more evident that histone modifications are key players in the regulation of chromatin states and dynamics as well as in gene expression. Therefore, histone modifications and the enzymatic machinery that set them are crucial regulators that can control cellular proliferation, differentiation, plasticity, and malignancy processes. However, extracellular histones are a double-edged sword because they also damage host tissue and may cause death. Histones bound to platelets, induced calcium influx, and recruited plasma adhesion proteins such as fibrinogen to induce platelet aggregation. Histone H2B proteins have been studied in a variety of species and are easily detected in most species. The reversible ubiquitylation of histone H2B has long been implicated in transcriptional activation and gene silencing. Phosphorylation of H2B serine 32 occurs in normal cycling and mitogen-stimulated cells. Notably, this phosphorylation is elevated in skin cancer cell lines and tissues compared with normal counterparts. HIST2H2BE is a member of the histone H2B family and generates two transcripts through the use of the conserved stem-loop termination motif, and the polyA addition motif.
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TMPY-01761 | Carbonic Anhydrase 3 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | E. coli | ||
Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are a large family of zinc metalloenzymes first discovered in 1933 that catalyze the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. CAs participate in a variety of biological processes, including respiration, calcification, acid-base balance, bone resorption, and the formation of aqueous humor, cerebrospinal fluid, saliva, and gastric acid. Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) form a family of enzymes that catalyze the rapid conversion of carbon dioxide and water to bicarbonate and protons, a reaction that occurs rather slowly in the absence of a catalyst. The active site of most carbonic anhydrases contains a zinc ion, they are therefore classified as metalloenzymes. Several forms of carbonic anhydrase occur in nature. The primary function of the enzyme in animals is to interconvert carbon dioxide and bicarbonate to maintain acid-base balance in blood and other tissues, and to help transport carbon dioxide out of tissues. Plants contain a different form called β-carbonic anhydrase, which, from an evolutionary standpoint, is a distinct enzyme, but participates in the same reaction and also uses a zinc ion in its active site. Carbonic anhydrase 3, also known as Carbonate dehydratase III, CA-III and CA3, is a cytoplasm protein which belongs to thealpha-carbonic anhydrase family. CA3 is activated by proton donors such as imidazole and the dipeptide histidylhistidine. It is inhibited by coumarins and sulfonamide derivatives such as acetazolamide. At 6 weeks gestation, transcripts accumulate at low levels in the somites and at high levels throughout the notochord. As gestation continues, CA3 becomes abundant in all developing muscle masses and continues at high to moderate levels in the notochord.
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