目录号 | 产品详情 | 靶点 | |
---|---|---|---|
T37250 | |||
Cefazolin-13C2,15N is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of cefazolin by GC- or LC-MS. Cefazolin is a broad-spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic that is active in vitro against various Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria (MICs = 0.2-12.5 μg/ml). It also inhibits the growth of clinical isolates of S. aureus, E. coli, P. mirabilis, and K. pneumoniae (MICs = 0.1-25 μg/ml). In vivo, cefazolin protects against S. aureus, E. coli, and P. mirabilis infection in mice (ED50s = <0.09-1.78, 0.44-3.63, and 2.31-5.2 mg/animal, respectively). Formulations containing cefazolin have been used to treat a variety of bacterial infections. | |||
T37263 | |||
14-methyl Pentadecanoic acid methyl ester is a methylated fatty acid methyl ester that has been found in S. zeai sea sponges as the fatty acyl component of zeamide, A. indica leaf extract, and C. vulgaris and H. pluvialis microalgae. It is a major component of the vancomycin-induced biofilm produced by vancomycin-resistant S. aureus (VRSA). 14-methyl Pentadecanoic acid methyl ester has been used as a standard for the quantification of 14-methyl pentadecanoic acid in various foods by GC-MS. | |||
T70174 | |||
Pirlindole-d4 is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of pirlindole by GC- or LC-MS. Pirlindole is a selective and reversible monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) inhibitor. It is selective for MAO-A over MAO-B. In rats, it reverses the depressive-like effects induced by chronic mild stress (CMS), increases proliferation of hippocampal neural progenitor cells, and reverses dendritic atrophy in granule neurons. Pirlindole is also an inhibitor of enterovirus-D68 and coxsackievirus B3 (CV-B3), inhibiting the genome replication phase of CV-B3 infection with an EC50 value of 7.7 µM independent of MAO-A activity. | |||
T35520 | |||
Aflatoxin G1-13C17is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of aflatoxin G1by GC- or LC-MS. Aflatoxin G1is a mycotoxin that has been found inA. terricola.1In vivo, aflatoxin G1is lethal to ducklings (LD50= 1.18 mg/kg).2It induces hepatocellular carcinoma tumor formation and lethality in rats when administered at doses of 1.4 and 3 mg/animal, respectively. Aflatoxin G1also inhibits liver and kidney succinate dehydrogenase and fumarase, as well as kidney cytochrome oxidase, NADH oxidase, α-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, and malate dehydrogenase in rats.3 1.Moubasher, A.H., el-Kady, I.A., and Shoriet, A.Toxigenic Aspergilli isolated from different sources in EgyptAnn. Nutr. Aliment.31(4-6)607-615(1977) 2.Wogan, G.N., Edwards, G.S., and Newberne, P.M.Structure-activity relationships in toxicity and carcinogenicity of aflatoxins and analogsCancer Res.31(12)1936-1942(1971) 3.Bai, N.J., Pai, M.R., and Venkitasubramanian, T.A.Mitochondrial function in aflatoxin toxicityIndian J. Biochem. Biophys.14(4)347-349(1977) | |||
T71329 | |||
Theophylline-d6 is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of theophylline by GC- or LC-MS. Theophylline is an inhibitor of phosphodiesterase. It is also an adenosine A1 and A2 receptor antagonist. Theophylline induces relaxation of isolated cat bronchial smooth muscle segments precontracted with acetylcholine. It inhibits ovalbumin-induced increases in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) eosinophil infiltration in an ovalbumin-sensitized mouse model of allergic asthma. Formulations containing theophylline have been used in the treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). | |||
T71065 | |||
Quinapril-d5 is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of quinapril by GC- or LC-MS. Quinapril is a prodrug form of the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor quinaprilat. In vivo, quinapril reduces mean arterial pressure in renal hypertensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats. It inhibits angiotensin I-induced pressor responses in normotensive rats and dogs. Quinapril prevents left ventricular heart failure in CHF 14.6 cardiomyopathic hamsters. Formulations containing quinapril have been used in the treatment of hypertension, heart failure, and diabetic nephropathy. | |||
T71286 | |||
Guaifenesin-d3 is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of guaifenesin by GC- or LC-MS. Guaifenesin is an expectorant. It inhibits production of mucin 5AC (MUC5AC), reduces mucus viscosity and elasticity, and increases the mucociliary transport rate of endogenous particles in primary human tracheobronchial epithelial cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Guaifenesin increases phenol red secretion, a marker of expectorant activity, in rats.3 Formulations containing guaifenesin have been used as expectorants in the treatment of the common cold and chronic bronchitis. | |||
T71302 | |||
Norfluoxetine-d5 is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of norfluoxetine by GC- or LC-MS. Norfluoxetine is an active metabolite of the antidepressant fluoxetine. It is formed from fluoxetine by the cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoforms CYP2C9, CYP2C19, and CYP3A. Norfluoxetine inhibits serotonin (5-HT) uptake in rat brain synaptosomal membrane preparations (Ki = 44.7 nM) and isolated human platelets (IC50 = ~15 nM). It has been found in the tissues of fish exposed to wastewater effluent. | |||
T37608 | |||
Riluzole-13C,15N2 is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of riluzole by GC- or LC-MS. Riluzole is a benzothiazole derivative with anti-excitotoxic effects that acts by blocking the presynaptic release of glutamate, indirectly antagonizing glutamate receptors, and inactivating neuronal voltage-gated Na+ channels (ED50 = 2.3 μM). Riluzole suppresses glutamate-induced seizures in rats at an ED50 value of 3.2 mg/kg and displays neuroprotective effects in hypoxic animals at an ED50 value of 4 mg/kg. Formulations containing riluzole have been explored as therapeutics for slowing disease progression of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. | |||
T71984 | |||
Enrofloxacin-d5 is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of enrofloxacin by GC- or LC-MS. Enrofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic. It is active against panels of Campylobacter, E. coli, and Salmonella isolates (mean MIC50s = 0.06, 0.5, and 0.03 µg/ml, respectively). It is also active against equine isolates of L. intracellularis (MICs = 0.125-0.5 µg/ml). Enrofloxacin inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase. In vivo, enrofloxacin (10 mg/kg) increases survival in a mouse model of enteropathogenic E. coli-induced sepsis. Formulations containing enrofloxacin have been used in the treatment of veterinary bacterial infections. |
目录号 | 产品名/同用名 | 种属 | 表达系统 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
TMPY-00857 | IL-2RG Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His & hFc) | Mouse | HEK293 Cells | ||
IL-2RG Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His & hFc) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His and hFc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 56.3 kDa and the accession number is P34902.
|
|||||
TMPJ-00759 | VDB Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | HEK293 Cells | ||
Vitamin D-Binding Protein (DBP) is a member of the ALB/AFP/VDB family. DBP is a secreted protein and contains three albumin domains. The primary structure contains 28 cysteine residues forming multiple disulfide bonds. DBP acts as a multifunctional protein found in plasma, ascitic fluid, cerebrospinal fluid, and urine and on the surface of many cell types. DBP binds to vitamin D and its plasma metabolites and transports them to target tissues. DBP associates with membrane-bound immunoglobulin on the surface of B-lymphocytes and with IgG Fc receptor on the membranes of T-lymphocytes.
|
|||||
TMPY-06507 | IL-2RG Protein, Mouse, Recombinant(aa 1-263, hFc) | Mouse | HEK293 Cells | ||
IL-2RG Protein, Mouse, Recombinant(aa 1-263, hFc) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with hFc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 54.68 kDa and the accession number is NP_038591.1.
|
|||||
TMPY-01837 | IL-2RG Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His) | Mouse | HEK293 Cells | ||
IL-2RG Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 30 kDa and the accession number is P34902.
|
|||||
TMPJ-00911 | GUCY2C Protein, Human, Recombinant (hFc) | Human | HEK293 Cells | ||
GUCY2C Protein, Human, Recombinant (hFc) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with C-Fc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 90-120 KDa and the accession number is P25092.
|
|||||
TMPK-00990 | GUCY2C Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His & Avi) | Mouse | HEK293 Cells | ||
Guanylyl cyclase C (GUCY2C) has canonical centrality in defense of key intestinal homeostatic mechanisms, encompassing fluid and electrolyte balance, epithelial dynamics, antitumorigenesis, and intestinal barrier function. GUCY2C may represent a new target for anti-obesity pharmacotherapy. GUCY2C Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His & Avi) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with C-His-Avi tag. The predicted molecular weight is 50.01 kDa and the accession number is Q3UWA6-1.
|
|||||
TMPY-06886 | HSV 2 (strain 333) Glycoprotein C/gC Protein (His) | HSV2 | HEK293 Cells | ||
HSV 2 (strain 333) Glycoprotein C/gC Protein (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 40.69 kDa and the accession number is P06475.
|
|||||
TMPK-00856 | GUCY2C Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & Avi) | Human | HEK293 Cells | ||
Guanylyl cyclase C (GUCY2C) has canonical centrality in defense of key intestinal homeostatic mechanisms, encompassing fluid and electrolyte balance, epithelial dynamics, antitumorigenesis, and intestinal barrier function. GUCY2C may represent a new target for anti-obesity pharmacotherapy. GUCY2C Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & Avi) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with C-His-Avi tag. The predicted molecular weight is 48.8 kDa and the accession number is P25092-1.
|
|||||
TMPK-01279 | GUCY2C Protein, Cynomolgus, Recombinant (aa 24-430, His) | Cynomolgus | HEK293 Cells | ||
Guanylyl cyclase C (GUCY2C) has canonical centrality in defense of key intestinal homeostatic mechanisms, encompassing fluid and electrolyte balance, epithelial dynamics, antitumorigenesis, and intestinal barrier function. GUCY2C may represent a new target for anti-obesity pharmacotherapy. GUCY2C Protein, Cynomolgus, Recombinant (aa 24-430, His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with C-His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 47.2 kDa and the accession number is XP_005570270.1.
|
|||||
TMPJ-00910 | GUCY2C Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & Avi), Biotinylated | Human | HEK293 Cells | ||
GUCY2C Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & Avi), Biotinylated is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with C-6xHis-Avi tag. The predicted molecular weight is 65-110 KDa and the accession number is P25092.
|
|||||
TMPK-00991 | GUCY2C Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His & Avi), Biotinylated | Mouse | HEK293 Cells | ||
Guanylyl cyclase C (GUCY2C) has canonical centrality in defense of key intestinal homeostatic mechanisms, encompassing fluid and electrolyte balance, epithelial dynamics, antitumorigenesis, and intestinal barrier function. GUCY2C may represent a new target for anti-obesity pharmacotherapy. GUCY2C Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His & Avi), Biotinylated is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with C-His-Avi tag. The predicted molecular weight is 50.01 kDa and the accession number is Q3UWA6-1.
|
|||||
TMPK-01388 | GUCY2C Protein, Canine, Recombinant (aa 21-430, His) | Canine | HEK293 Cells | ||
Guanylyl cyclase C (GUCY2C) has canonical centrality in defense of key intestinal homeostatic mechanisms, encompassing fluid and electrolyte balance, epithelial dynamics, antitumorigenesis, and intestinal barrier function. GUCY2C may represent a new target for anti-obesity pharmacotherapy. GUCY2C Protein, Canine, Recombinant (aa 21-430, His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with C-His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 47.6 kDa and the accession number is F1PAG3.
|
|||||
TMPY-01416 | OLFM4 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | HEK293 Cells | ||
Olfactomedin-4, also known as G-CSF-stimulated clone 1 protein, Antiapoptotic protein GW112, and OLFM4, is a secreted protein that contains one olfactomedin-like domain. The OLFM4 gene was recently reported to inhibit various apoptotic pathways and promote the proliferation of cancer cells, suggesting that OLFM4 might serve as a diagnostic marker for human cancers. Thus, OLFM4 mRNA might be a useful tool to support the diagnosis of cancer, irrespective of the clinical stages. It is overexpressed in some human tumor types, especially in those of the digestive system. GW112 is associated with GRIM-19, a protein known to be involved in regulating cellular apoptosis. Functionally, GW112 could significantly attenuate the ability of GRIM19 to mediate retinoic acid-IFN-beta-mediated cellular apoptosis and apoptosis-related gene expression. Also, GW112 demonstrated strong antiapoptotic effects in tumor cells treated with other stress exposures such as hydrogen peroxide. Finally, forced overexpression of GW112 in murine prostate tumor cells led to more rapid tumor formation in a syngeneic host. OLFM4 is an important regulator of cell death that plays important roles in tumor cell survival and tumor growth. As a candidate gene for cancer-specific expression. The serum olfactomedin 4 (OLFM4) is a useful marker for Gastric cancer (GC) and its measurement alone or in combination with Reg IV has utility in the early detection of GC. GW112 has an antiapoptotic property against the cytotoxic agents-induced apoptosis. It suggested that GW112 could be an important mediator in NF kappaB-dependent tumorigenesis of digestive tract tissues.
|
|||||
TMPY-03443 | NDRG1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | E. coli | ||
NDRG1 gene is a member of the N-Myc downregulated gene family which belongs to the alpha/beta hydrolase superfamily. NDRG1 is a cytoplasmic protein involved in stress responses, hormone responses, cell growth, and differentiation. NDRG1 is necessary for p53-mediated caspase activation and apoptosis. Mutations in the NDRG1 gene are a cause of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4D, and expression of this gene may be a prognostic indicator for several types of cancer. NDRG1 is a stress-responsive protein involved in hormone responses, cell growth, and differentiation. It acts as a tumor suppressor in many cell types.
|
|||||
TMPJ-01288 | KLF6 Protein, Human, Recombinant | Human | E. coli | ||
Krueppel-Like Factor 6 (KLF6) belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family. KLF6 contains three C2H2-type zinc fingers and localizes in the nucleus. KLF6 expression is highest in the placenta followed by spleen, thymus, prostate, testis, small intestinem and colon. However, it is weakly expressed in the pancreas, lung, liver, heart, and skeletal muscle. KLF6 functions as a transcriptional activator and could play a role in B-cell growth and development. Defects in KLF6 will result in gastric cancer and prostate cancer.
|
|||||
TMPK-00925 | Noggin/NOG Protein, Mouse, Recombinant | Mouse | HEK293 Cells | ||
Noggin is an antagonist of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP), being indispensable for certain developmental events.Noggin expression positively correlated with EGFR expression in both GC cell line models and The Cancer Genome Atlas human GC cohort. Targeting EGFR and its downstream pathways diminished cell proliferation which was promoted by Noggin. Noggin promotes the proliferation of GC cells by upregulating EGFR and enhancing a vicious circle formed by β‑catenin, EGFR, ERK and Akt. Noggin/NOG Protein, Mouse, Recombinant is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells. The predicted molecular weight is 23.07 kDa and the accession number is P97466.
|
|||||
TMPJ-01456 | Mucin-17/MUC17 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | HEK293 Cells | ||
Mucins are key components of the mucosal barrier in the stomach that protects epithelia from carcinogenic effects of chronic inflammation. Analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas database indicated that mucin17 (MUC17) was more highly expressed in gastric cancer (GC) specimens, with favourable prognosis for patients. And that p38 signalling is a key factor involved in MUC17-mediated inhibition of GC cell proliferation and protection against inflammatory stimulation, MUC17 upregulates the expression of MYH9 and p53, and activates the p38 pathway in GC cells through RhoA signalling.
|
|||||
TMPK-00926 | Noggin/NOG Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His & Flag) | Mouse | HEK293 Cells | ||
Noggin is an antagonist of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP), being indispensable for certain developmental events.Noggin expression positively correlated with EGFR expression in both GC cell line models and The Cancer Genome Atlas human GC cohort. Targeting EGFR and its downstream pathways diminished cell proliferation which was promoted by Noggin. Noggin promotes the proliferation of GC cells by upregulating EGFR and enhancing a vicious circle formed by β‑catenin, EGFR, ERK and Akt. Noggin/NOG Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His & Flag) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with N-His-Flag tag. The predicted molecular weight is 25.16 kDa and the accession number is P97466.
|
|||||
TMPH-03310 | GUCY2C Protein, Rat, Recombinant (His & Myc) | Rat | HEK293 Cells | ||
Receptor for the E.coli heat-stable enterotoxin (E.coli enterotoxin markedly stimulates the accumulation of cGMP in mammalian cells expressing GC-C). Also activated by the endogenous peptide guanylin. GUCY2C Protein, Rat, Recombinant (His & Myc) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with N-10xHis and C-Myc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 51.4 kDa and the accession number is P23897.
|
|||||
TMPH-02303 | Vasculin Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & SUMO) | Human | E. coli | ||
Functions as a GC-rich promoter-specific transactivating transcription factor. Vasculin Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & SUMO) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-6xHis-SUMO tag. The predicted molecular weight is 36.8 kDa and the accession number is Q86WP2.
|
|||||
TMPH-01013 | BMP-15 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & Myc) | Human | E. coli | ||
May be involved in follicular development. Oocyte-specific growth/differentiation factor that stimulates folliculogenesis and granulosa cell (GC) growth. BMP-15 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & Myc) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-10xHis and C-Myc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 21.4 kDa and the accession number is O95972.
|
|||||
TMPY-03047 | Stathmin 1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | E. coli | ||
Stathmin1 (STMN1) is a cytosolic phosphoprotein that regulates cellular microtubule dynamics and is known to have oncogenic activity. STMN1 is a possible biomarker for paclitaxel sensitivity and poor prognosis in GC and could be a novel therapeutic target in metastatic GC. STMN1 expression might serve as a biomarker for determining patient atypical meningioma prognosis. Stathmin1 (STMN1) is a cytosolic protein involved in microtubule dynamics through inhibition of tubulin polymerization and promotion of microtubule depolymerization, which has been implicated in carcinogenesis and aggressive behavior in multiple epithelial malignancies. Stathmin 1 (STMN1) suppression was reported to reduce cellular viability and migration potential. STMN1 may be a promising candidate for targeted therapies in PDAC.
|
|||||
TMPY-00116 | MTH1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | E. coli | ||
NUDT1 (Nudix Hydrolase 1) is a Protein Coding gene. The protein encoded by this gene is an enzyme that hydrolyzes oxidized purine nucleoside triphosphates to monophosphates, thereby preventing misincorporation. The NUDT1 protein is localized mainly in the cytoplasm, with some in the mitochondria, suggesting that it is involved in the sanitization of nucleotide pools both for nuclear and mitochondrial genomes. Cancers can survive the oxidative conditions by upregulating nucleoside diphosphate linked moiety X-type motif 1 (NUDT1). MiR-485-5p acts as a tumor suppressor by targeting NUDT1 in gastric cancer (GC). The miR-485-5p/NUDT1 axis is involved in the processes of cell growth and cell motility and plays a key role in the tumorigenesis of GC.
|
|||||
TMPY-04934 | Serpin A3n Protein, Rat, Recombinant (His) | Rat | HEK293 Cells | ||
Serpina3n may represent a circulating biomarker of muscle atrophy associated with GC and, broadly, a reflection of dynamic changes in muscle mass. Serpina3n blocks endogenous increases in the activity of select skeletal muscle resident proteases during injury or dystrophic disease, which stabilizes the sarcolemma leading to less myofiber degeneration and increased regeneration.
|
|||||
TMPY-04768 | PRPS2 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | E. coli | ||
PRPS2, a subset of PRS, is reported to be a potential protein associated with Sertoli-cell only syndrome. PRPS2 expression correlates with Sertoli-cell only syndrome and inhibits the apoptosis of TM4 Sertoli cells via the p53/Bcl-2/caspases signaling pathway. The gene for PRS II (PRPS2) is located at a different region of the X chromosome, namely Xpter-a21. The promoter region of the human PRPS2 gene was also GC-rich and contained a TATA-like sequence, four Sp1 binding sites and a homopyrimidine stretch.
|
|||||
TMPY-05800 | IKB beta/NFKBIB Protein, Human, Recombinant (GST) | Human | E. coli | ||
NFKBIB (NFKB Inhibitor Beta) is a Protein Coding gene. The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the NF-kappa-B inhibitor family, which inhibits NF-kappa-B by complexing with and trapping it in the cytoplasm. Phosphorylation of serine residues on these proteins by kinases marks them for destruction via the ubiquitination pathway, thereby allowing activation of the NF-kappa-B, which translocates to the nucleus to function as a transcription factor. NF-kappaB regulation involves the inhibitor protein NFKBIB, which form complexes with NF-kappaB to sequester it in the cytoplasm. Overexpression of NFKBIB protein in IAV infected cells led to lower levels of IAV. MiR-20a could promote activation of the NFkappaB pathway and downstream targets Livin and Survivin by targeting NFKBIB, which potentially contributed to GC chemoresistance.
|
|||||
TMPY-01427 | AACS Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | Baculovirus Insect Cells | ||
Acetoacetyl-CoA Synthetase (AACS) is a novel cytosolic ketone body (acetoacetate)-specific ligase. The AACS in adipose tissue plays an important role in utilizing ketone body for the fatty acid-synthesis during adipose tissue development. It had been improved that Acetoacetyl-CoA Synthetase is an essential enzyme for the synthesis of fatty acid and cholesterol from ketone bodies, was found to be highly expressed in mouse adipose tissue, and GC box and C/EBPs motif were crucial for AACS promoter activity in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Moreover, AACS promoter activity was controlled mainly by C/EBPalpha during adipogenesis. AACS gene expression is particularly abundant in white adipose tissue, as it is induced during adipocyte differentiation. The human AACS promoter is a PPARgamma target gene and that this nuclear receptor is recruited to the AACS promoter by direct interaction with Sp1 (stimulating protein-1). The Acetoacetyl-CoA Synthetase has important roles in the regulation of ketone body utilization in rat liver and that these hypocholesterolemic agents have the ability to remedy the impaired utilization of ketone bodies under the diabetic condition.
|
|||||
TMPJ-00758 | AFP Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His) | Mouse | HEK293 Cells | ||
Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is classified as a member of the albuminoid gene superfamily consisting of albumin, AFP, vitaminD (Gc) protein, and alpha-albumin. AFP is a major plasma protein produced by the yolk sac and the liver during fetal development. It is thought to be the fetal form of serum albumin. AFP binds to copper, nickel, fatty acids and bilirubin and is found in monomeric, dimeric and trimeric forms. AFP is one of the several embryo-specific proteins and is adominant serum protein as early in human embryonic life as one month, when albumin and transferrin are present in relatively small amounts. It is first synthesized in the human by the yolk sac and liver (1-2 months) and subsequently predominantly in the liver. A small amount of AFP is produced by the GI tract of the human conceptus. It has been proved that AFP may reappear in the serum in elevated amounts in adult life in association with normal restorative processes and with malignnt growth. Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is a specific marker for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), teratoblastomas, and neural tube defect (NTD).
|
|||||
TMPY-04468 | STK16 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & NusA) | Human | E. coli | ||
Serine/threonine-protein kinase 16, also known as myristoylated and palmitoylated serine/threonine-protein kinase, Protein kinase PKL12, TGF-beta-stimulated factor 1, TSF-1, MPSK1 and STK16, is a membrane protein that is ubiquitously expressed at very low levels. STK16 / MPSK1 belongs to the protein kinase superfamily and Ser/Thr protein kinase family. It contains one protein kinase domain. Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) shows a variety of biological activities in various organs or cells. Some factors such as Smads (Sma and Mad proteins) and TGF-beta activating kinase 1 have been characterized as signalling molecules downstream of TGF-beta. Several TGF-beta response elements have been identified such as cAMP response element, Smad binding element, and recognition sites for activating protein-1 and stimulating protein-1 in various gene promoters. STK16 / MPSK1 is a unique factor with two biological functions, transcriptional regulation and protein phosphorylation, that may be involved in TGF-beta signals. STK16 / MPSK1 is a protein kinase that acts on both serine and threonine residues. STK16 / MPSK1 possessed DNA-binding ability and activated the TGF-beta responsive CNP promoter or vascular endothelial growth factor gene promoter which possesses a sequence element analogous to the TGF-beta responsive GC-rich element of the CNP promoter. STK16 / MPSK1 did not directly activate a Smads-dependent promoter from plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 gene, but it showed enhancement in co-operation with Smad3 and Smad4. STK16 / MPSK1 mRNA as well as its protein level were stimulated by TGF-beta treatment.
|