目录号 | 产品详情 | 靶点 | |
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T0110 | HIV Protease Reverse Transcriptase | ||
Zalcitabine (Dideoxycytidine) 是一种核苷类似物逆转录酶抑制剂,用于HIV 感染相关研究。 |
目录号 | 产品名/同用名 | 种属 | 表达系统 | ||
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TMPY-04935 | CD47 Protein, Human, Recombinant (aa 1-139, His) | Human | HEK293 | ||
CD47 contains 1 Ig-like V-type (immunoglobulin-like) domain and is a receptor for the C-terminal cell binding domain of thrombospondin. It may play a role in membrane transport and signal transduction. CD47 is also a membrane protein, which is involved in the increase in intracellular calcium concentration that occurs upon cell adhesion to extracellular matrix. It is very broadly distributed on normal adult tissues, as well as ovarian tumors, being especially abundant in some epithelia and the brain. CD47 may play a role in membrane transport and/or integrin dependent signal transduction. It may prevent premature elimination of red blood cells. It also may be involved in membrane permeability changes induced following virus infection. By acting as an adhesion receptor for THBS1 on platelets, CD47 plays a role in both cell adhesion and in the modulation of integrins. It also plays an important role in memory formation and synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus.Cancer ImmunotherapyCo-inhibitory Immune Checkpoint TargetsImmune CheckpointImmune Checkpoint Detection: AntibodiesImmune Checkpoint Detection: ELISA AntibodiesImmune Checkpoint Detection: WB AntibodiesImmune Checkpoint TargetsImmunotherapyTargeted Therapy
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TMPY-03763 | Neuropilin-2 Protein, Human, Recombinant (hFc) | Human | HEK293 | ||
Neuropilin-2 (NRP-2) which is related to NRP-1, is a type I? transmembrane glycoprotein and has the structure characteristic with five main extracellular domains: two complement binding (CUB) domains, two coagulation factor V/VIII homology domains, and a MAM (meprin, tyrosine phosphatase domain) region. NRP-2 is a receptor capable of binding two disparate ligands, classⅢ semaphorins (SEMA) and vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF), and thus regulates two diverse systems by activating cellular signaling pathways via interacting with other cell surface receptors such as VEGF receptors and plexins. NRP-2 is well known for its role in facilitating axonal guidance during the development of the neuronal system, and additionally, it is also expressed in vascular endothelial cells and lymphatic endothelium where it affects proliferation, migration, angiogenesis, as well as the formation of small lymphatic vessels and capillaries. A recent study has identified NRP-2 as a polysialylation protein expressed in human dendritic cells and modulates DC-T Cell Interactions. Nearly all tumor cells express neuropilins and NRP-2 is predominantly expressed in neuronal tumors and melanomas. Furthermore, it is suggested that as the specific ligand for NRP-2, SEMA 3F inhibits tumor angiogenesis, and metastasis.
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TMPY-00132 | Mesothelin Protein, Human, Recombinant | Human | HEK293 | ||
The megakaryocyte potentiating factor belongs to the mesothelin family. This family is comprised of several mammalian pre-pro-megakaryocyte potentiating factor precursor (MPF) or mesothelin proteins. Mesothelin is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-linked glycoprotein highly expressed in mesothelial cells, mesotheliomas, and ovarian cancer, but the biological function of the protein is not known. Megakaryocyte potentiating factor is highly expressed in mesotheliomas, ovarian cancers, and some squamous cell carcinomas (at protein level). It interacts with MUC16 and potentiates megakaryocyte colony formation in vitro. Megakaryocyte potentiating factor is secreted by several mesothelioma cell lines and is frequently elevated in the blood of patients with mesothelioma. Measurement of this protein may be useful in following the response of mesothelioma to treatment.Cancer ImmunotherapyImmune CheckpointImmunotherapyTargeted Therapy
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TMPY-06986 | FGF-8b Protein, Human, Recombinant | Human | E. coli | ||
In mammalian embryos, transient Fgf8 expression defines the developing isthmic region, lying between the midbrain and the first rhombomere, but there has been uncertainty about the existence of a distinct isthmic segment in postnatal mammals. Retinoic acid (RA) directly represses Fgf8 through a RARE-mediated mechanism that promotes repressive chromatin, thus providing valuable insight into the mechanism of RA-FGF antagonism during progenitor cell differentiation. Fgf8 encodes a key signaling factor, and its precise regulation is essential for embryo patterning.
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TMPY-01180 | CD86 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | HEK293 | ||
CD86, also known as B-lymphocyte activation antigen B7-2 (referred to as B70), is a member of the cell surface immunoglobulin superfamily. B7-2 exists predominantly as a monomer on cell surfaces and interacts with two co-stimulatory receptors CD28 and cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) expressed on T cells, and thus induces the signal pathways which regulate T cell activation and tolerance, cytokine production, and the generation of CTL. It is indicated that contacts between B and T helper cells mediated by CD86 encourage signals for the proliferation and IgG secretion of normal B cells and B cell lymphomas. A recent study has revealed that CD86 also promotes the generation of a mature APC repertoire and promotes APC function and survival. CD86 has an important role in chronic hemodialysis, allergic pulmonary inflammation, arthritis, and antiviral responses, and thus is regarded as a promising candidate for immune therapy.Cancer ImmunotherapyCo-inhibitory Immune Checkpoint TargetsImmune CheckpointImmune Checkpoint Detection: AntibodiesImmune Checkpoint Detection: ELISA AntibodiesImmune Checkpoint Detection: FCM AntibodiesImmune Checkpoint Detection: IP AntibodiesImmune Checkpoint Detection: WB AntibodiesImmune Checkpoint ProteinsImmune Checkpoint TargetsImmunotherapyTargeted Therapy
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TMPY-05748 | CD45 Protein, Human, Recombinant (aa 26-577, His) | Human | HEK293 | ||
The cluster of differentiation (CD) system is commonly used as cell markers in Immunophenotyping. Different kinds of cells in the immune system can be identified through the surface CD molecules associating with the immune function of the cell. There are more than 320 CD unique clusters and subclusters have been identified. Some of the CD molecules serve as receptors or ligands important to the cell through initiating a signal cascade which then alter the behavior of the cell. Some CD proteins do not take part in cell signal process but have other functions such as cell adhesion. Protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type C (CD45), also known as PTPRC is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family which is known for its function to serve as signaling molecules and to regulate a variety of cellular processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation, mitotic cycle and oncogenic transformation. CD45 is found expression specifically in hemotopietic cells. CD45 consists of an extracellular domain, a single transmembrane segment and two tandem intracytoplasmic catalytic domains. It serves as an essential regulator of T-cell and B-cell antigen receptor signaling through either direct interaction with components of the antigen receptor complexes or by activating various Src family kinases required for the antigen receptor signaling and it also can suppress JAK kinases.
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TMPY-04142 | RANK/TNFRSF11A Protein, Human, Recombinant (hFc) | Human | HEK293 | ||
TNFRSF11A is a member of the TNF-receptor superfamily. In mouse, it is also known as CD265. TNFRSF11A contains 4 TNFR-Cys repeats and is widely expressed with high levels in skeletal muscle, thymus, liver, colon, small intestine and adrenal gland. It is an essential mediator for osteoclast and lymph node development. TNFRSF11A and its ligand are important regulators of the interaction between T cells and dendritic cells. It can interact with various TRAF family proteins, through which this receptor induces the activation of NF-kappa B and MAPK8/JNK. Defects in TNFRSF11A can cause familial expansile osteolysis (FEO). FEO is a rare autosomal dominant bone disorder characterized by focal areas of increased bone remodeling. Defects in TNFRSF11A also can cause Paget disease of bone type 2 (PDB2). PDB2 is a bone-remodeling disorder with clinical similarities to FEO. Defects in TNFRSF11A are the cause of osteopetrosis autosomal recessive type 7 which characterized by abnormally dense bone, due to defective resorption of immature bone.
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TMPJ-01099 | IL-15RA Protein, Human, Recombinant (hFc)(Human Cells) | Human | Human Cells | ||
Interleukin 15 Receptor alpha (IL-15Rα) is a transmembrane glycoprotein that plays a pleiotropic role in immune development and function, including the positive maintenance of lymphocyte homeostasis. IL-15Rα chain can bind soluble IL-15 and “transpresent” cytokine to the cells, allowing them to respond to IL-15. Soluble IL-15Rα can function as a specific high-affinity IL-15 antagonist. The soluble IL-15/IL-15Rα complexes exhibit a strong agonistic activity which is mediated through membrane-bound IL-15 receptor β and γ heterodimers and enables signaling to cells.
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TMPY-00892 | Neuropilin-2 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | HEK293 | ||
Neuropilin-2 (NRP-2) which is related to NRP-1, is a type I? transmembrane glycoprotein and has the structure characteristic with five main extracellular domains: two complement binding (CUB) domains, two coagulation factor V/VIII homology domains, and a MAM (meprin, tyrosine phosphatase domain) region. NRP-2 is a receptor capable of binding two disparate ligands, classⅢ semaphorins (SEMA) and vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF), and thus regulates two diverse systems by activating cellular signaling pathways via interacting with other cell surface receptors such as VEGF receptors and plexins. NRP-2 is well known for its role in facilitating axonal guidance during the development of the neuronal system, and additionally, it is also expressed in vascular endothelial cells and lymphatic endothelium where it affects proliferation, migration, angiogenesis, as well as the formation of small lymphatic vessels and capillaries. A recent study has identified NRP-2 as a polysialylation protein expressed in human dendritic cells and modulates DC-T Cell Interactions. Nearly all tumor cells express neuropilins and NRP-2 is predominantly expressed in neuronal tumors and melanomas. Furthermore, it is suggested that as the specific ligand for NRP-2, SEMA 3F inhibits tumor angiogenesis, and metastasis.
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TMPY-01020 | Periostin/OSF-2 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | HEK293 | ||
Periostin ( POSTN ), also known as OSF2 (osteoblast specific factor 2), is a heterofunctional secreted extracellular matrix (ECM) protein comprised of four fasciclin domains that promotes cellular adhesion and movement, as well as collagen fibrillogenesis. Postn is expressed in unique growth centers during embryonic development where it facilitates epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of select cell populations undergoing reorganization. In the adult, Postn expression is specifically induced in areas of tissue injury or areas with ongoing cellular re-organization. In the adult heart Postn is induced in the ventricles following myocardial infarction, pressure overload stimulation, or generalized cardiomyopathy. Although the detailed function of Postn is still unclear, Postn-integrin interaction is thought to be involved in tumor development. Postn is frequently overexpressed in various types of human cancers, stimulating metastatic growth by promoting cancer cell survival, invasion and angiogenesis, and can be a useful marker to predict the behavior of cancer.
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TMPY-01897 | PRSS3 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | HEK293 | ||
Trypsin-3, also known as Trypsin III, brain trypsinogen, Serine protease 3 and PRSS3, is a secreted protein that belongs to the peptidase S1 family. Trypsin-3 / PRSS3 is expressed is in pancreas and brain. It contains one peptidase S1 domain. Trypsin-3 / PRSS3 can degrade intrapancreatic trypsin inhibitors that protect against CP. Genetic variants that cause higher mesotrypsin activity might increase the risk for chronic pancreatitis (CP). A sustained imbalance of pancreatic proteases and their inhibitors seems to be important for the development of CP. The trypsin inhibitor-degrading activity qualified PRSS3 as a candidate for a novel CP susceptibility gene. Trypsin-3 / PRSS3 has been implicated as a putative tumor suppressor gene due to its loss of expression, which is correlated with promoter hypermethylation, in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and gastric adenocarcinoma.
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TMPY-05191 | CD47 Protein, Human, Recombinant, Biotinylated | Human | HEK293 | ||
CD47 contains 1 Ig-like V-type (immunoglobulin-like) domain and is a receptor for the C-terminal cell binding domain of thrombospondin. It may play a role in membrane transport and signal transduction. CD47 is also a membrane protein, which is involved in the increase in intracellular calcium concentration that occurs upon cell adhesion to extracellular matrix. It is very broadly distributed on normal adult tissues, as well as ovarian tumors, being especially abundant in some epithelia and the brain. CD47 may play a role in membrane transport and/or integrin dependent signal transduction. It may prevent premature elimination of red blood cells. It also may be involved in membrane permeability changes induced following virus infection. By acting as an adhesion receptor for THBS1 on platelets, CD47 plays a role in both cell adhesion and in the modulation of integrins. It also plays an important role in memory formation and synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus.Cancer ImmunotherapyCo-inhibitory Immune Checkpoint TargetsImmune CheckpointImmune Checkpoint Detection: AntibodiesImmune Checkpoint Detection: ELISA AntibodiesImmune Checkpoint Detection: WB AntibodiesImmune Checkpoint TargetsImmunotherapyTargeted Therapy
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TMPY-04683 | CD47 Protein, Human, Recombinant | Human | HEK293 | ||
CD47 contains 1 Ig-like V-type (immunoglobulin-like) domain and is a receptor for the C-terminal cell binding domain of thrombospondin. It may play a role in membrane transport and signal transduction. CD47 is also a membrane protein, which is involved in the increase in intracellular calcium concentration that occurs upon cell adhesion to extracellular matrix. It is very broadly distributed on normal adult tissues, as well as ovarian tumors, being especially abundant in some epithelia and the brain. CD47 may play a role in membrane transport and/or integrin dependent signal transduction. It may prevent premature elimination of red blood cells. It also may be involved in membrane permeability changes induced following virus infection. By acting as an adhesion receptor for THBS1 on platelets, CD47 plays a role in both cell adhesion and in the modulation of integrins. It also plays an important role in memory formation and synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus.Cancer ImmunotherapyCo-inhibitory Immune Checkpoint TargetsImmune CheckpointImmune Checkpoint Detection: AntibodiesImmune Checkpoint Detection: ELISA AntibodiesImmune Checkpoint Detection: WB AntibodiesImmune Checkpoint TargetsImmunotherapyTargeted Therapy
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TMPY-00072 | GITR/TNFRSF18 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | HEK293 | ||
GITR, also known as TNFRSF18(CD357), belongs to the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNF-R) superfamily. It is the receptor for TNFSF18. GITR plays a key role in dominant immunological self-tolerance maintained by CD25(+)CD4(+) regulatory T cells. GITR may be involved in interactions between activated T-lymphocytes and endothelial cells and in the regulation of T-cell receptor-mediated cell death. GITR and its ligand are important costimulatory molecules in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. It also mediates NF-kappa-B activation via the TRAF2/NIK pathway.Cancer ImmunotherapyCo-stimulatory Immune Checkpoint TargetsImmune CheckpointImmune Checkpoint Detection: ELISA AntibodiesImmune Checkpoint TargetsImmunotherapyTargeted Therapy
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TMPY-04298 | CDCP1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | HEK293 | ||
CDCP1 contains three extracellular CUB domains. It is a putative stem cell marker that is highly expressed in some human cancer cells and both, typical and atypical (cancerous) colons. It interacts with CDH2/N-cadherin, CDH3/P-cadherin, SDC1/syndecan-1, SDC4/syndecan-4 and the serine protease ST14/MT-SP1. It also interacts with SRC and PRKCG/protein kinase C gamma. CDCP1 is taken as a key regulator of EGF/EGFR-induced cell migration. It has been shown that signaling via EGF/EGFR induces migration of ovarian cancer Caov3 and OVCA420 cells with concomitant up-regulation of CDCP1 mRNA and protein. Consistent with a role in cell migration CDCP1 relocates from cell-cell junctions to punctate structures on filopodia after activation of EGFR. It may be involved in cell adhesion and cell matrix association. It also may play a role in the regulation of anchorage versus migration or proliferation versus differentiation via its phosphorylation. It has been taken as a novel marker for leukemia diagnosis and immature hematopoietic stem cell subsets.
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TMPY-00480 | NCAM1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | HEK293 | ||
NCAM1 (Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule 1, also known as CD56) is a Protein Coding gene. 3 alternatively spliced human isoforms have been reported. NCAM1 is a neural adhesion protein (NCAM) that belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily. The encoded protein is involved in cell-to-cell interactions as well as cell-matrix interactions during development and differentiation. NCAM1 is involved in neuron-neuron adhesion, neurite fasciculation, the outgrowth of neurites, etc. It has also been shown to be involved in the expansion of T cells and dendritic cells which play an important role in immune surveillance. Diseases associated with NCAM1 include Rabies and Bile Duct Cancer. Among its related pathways are Neuroscience and RET signaling.
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TMPY-00357 | HNT/NTM Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | HEK293 | ||
NTM (Neurotrimin) is a Protein Coding gene. 4 alternatively spliced human isoforms have been reported. This gene encodes a member of the IgLON (LAMP, OBCAM, Ntm) family of immunoglobulin (Ig) domain-containing glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored cell adhesion molecules. IgLONs have been associated with psychiatric disorders, intelligence, body weight, heart disease, and tumors. The encoded protein may promote neurite outgrowth and adhesion via a homophilic mechanism. Neurotrimin is a member of the family of neural cell adhesion molecules. Its expression pattern suggests that Ntm promotes axonal fasciculation, guides nerve fibers to specific targets and stabilizes synapses as it accumulates coincident with synaptogenesis. Diseases associated with NTM include Connective Tissue Disease and Jacobsen Syndrome.
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TMPY-01442 | DMBT1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | HEK293 | ||
Deleted in malignant brain tumors 1 protein, also known as glycoprotein 34, surfactant pulmonary-associated D-binding protein, DMBT1 and GP34, is a secreted protein which belongs to theDMBT1 family. DMBT1 contains 2CUB domains, 14SRCR domains and 1ZP domain. It is highly expressed in alveolar and macrophage tissues. In some macrophages, expression is detected on the membrane, and in other macrophages, it is strongly expressed in the phagosome/phagolysosome compartments. Defects in DMBT1 are involved in the development of glioma (GLM). Gliomas are central nervous system neoplasms derived from glial cells and comprise astrocytomas, glioblastoma multiforme, oligodendrogliomas , and ependymomas. DMBT1 may be considered as a candidate tumor suppressor for brain, lung, esophageal, gastric, and colorectal cancers. It may play roles in mucosal defense system, cellular immune defense and epithelial differentiation. DMBT1 may play a role as an opsonin receptor for SFTPD and SPAR in macrophage tissues throughout the body, including epithelial cells lining the gastrointestinal tract. It may be an important factor in fate decision and differentiation of transit-amplifying ductular (oval) cells within the hepatic lineage. DMBT1 may function as a binding protein in saliva for the regulation of taste sensation. It binds to HIV-1 envelope protein and has been shown to both inhibit and facilitate viral transmission.
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TMPY-02011 | CD96 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | HEK293 | ||
The cluster of differentiation (CD) system is commonly used as cell markers in Immunophenotyping. Different kinds of cells in the immune system can be identified through the surface CD molecules associating with the immune function of the cell. There are more than 320 CD unique clusters and subclusters have been identified. Some of the CD molecules serve as receptors or ligands important to the cell through initiating a signal cascade which then alter the behavior of the cell. Some CD proteins do not take part in cell signal process but have other functions such as cell adhesion. The CD155 ligand CD96 is a member of the Ig superfamily. It's an immunoglobulin-like protein tentatively allocated to the repertoire of human NK receptors. NK cells recognize poliovirus receptor (PVR), a nectins and nectin-like protein family member serve to mediate cell-cell adhesion, cell migration, with the presence of an additional receptor, CD96. CD96 promotes NK cell adhesion to target cells expressing PVR, stimulates cytotoxicity of activated NK cells, and mediates acquisition of PVR from target cells. The effect the cells with mutated CD96 protein lost adhesion and growth activities indicates that CD96 mutations may cause a form of the C syndrome by interfering with cell adhesion and growth.Cancer ImmunotherapyImmune CheckpointImmunotherapyTargeted Therapy
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TMPY-01613 | Periostin/OSF-2 Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His) | Mouse | HEK293 | ||
Periostin ( POSTN ), also known as OSF2 (osteoblast specific factor 2), is a heterofunctional secreted extracellular matrix (ECM) protein comprised of four fasciclin domains that promotes cellular adhesion and movement, as well as collagen fibrillogenesis. Postn is expressed in unique growth centers during embryonic development where it facilitates epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of select cell populations undergoing reorganization. In the adult, Postn expression is specifically induced in areas of tissue injury or areas with ongoing cellular re-organization. In the adult heart Postn is induced in the ventricles following myocardial infarction, pressure overload stimulation, or generalized cardiomyopathy. Although the detailed function of Postn is still unclear, Postn-integrin interaction is thought to be involved in tumor development. Postn is frequently overexpressed in various types of human cancers, stimulating metastatic growth by promoting cancer cell survival, invasion and angiogenesis, and can be a useful marker to predict the behavior of cancer.
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TMPY-01717 | VEGF164 Protein, Mouse, Recombinant | Mouse | Baculovirus-Insect Cells | ||
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), also known as vascular permeability factor (VPF) and VEGF-A, is a potent mediator of both angiogenesis and vasculogenesis in the fetus and adult. It is a member of the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)/vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family and often exists as a disulfide-linked homodimer. VEGF-A protein is a glycosylated mitogen that specifically acts on endothelial cells and has various effects, including mediating increased vascular permeability, inducing angiogenesis, vasculogenesis and endothelial cell growth, promoting cell migration, inhibiting apoptosis and tumor growth. VEGF-A protein is also a vasodilator that increases microvascular permeability, thus it was originally referred to as vascular permeability factor.Cancer ImmunotherapyImmune CheckpointImmunotherapyTargeted Therapy
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TMPY-00341 | FGFR3 Protein, Human, Recombinant (alpha IIIb, His) | Human | HEK293 | ||
FGFR3, also known as CD333, is a member of the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) family, with its amino acid sequence being highly conserved between members and among divergent species. FGFR family members differ from one another in their ligand affinities and tissue distribution. FGFRs are transmembrane catalytic receptors that have intracellular tyrosine kinase activity. Mutations in FGFR genes are the cause of several human developmental disorders characterized by skeletal abnormalities such as achondroplasia, and upregulation of FGFR expression may lead to cell transformation and cancer. FGFR3, a full-length representative protein would consist of an extracellular region, composed of three immunoglobulin-like domains, a single hydrophobic membrane-spanning segment and a cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase domain. The extracellular portion of FGFR3 interacts with fibroblast growth factors, setting in motion a cascade of downstream signals, ultimately influencing mitogenesis and differentiation. FGFR3 binds acidic and basic fibroblast growth hormone and plays a role in bone development and maintenance. Mutations in FGFR3 gene lead to craniosynostosis and multiple types of skeletal dysplasia. Three alternatively spliced transcript variants that encode different protein isoforms have been described. CD333 is the receptor for acidic and basic fibroblast growth factors.Cancer ImmunotherapyImmune CheckpointImmunotherapyTargeted Therapy
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TMPY-00891 | Neuropilin-1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (V179A, hFc) | Human | HEK293 | ||
Neuropilin is a type I transmembrane protein and the molecular mass is 120 kDa. Two homologs, Neuropilin-1 and Neuropilin-2, are identified. The primary structure of Neuropilin-1 and Neuropilin-2 is well conserved and is divided into four domains, CUB (a1/a2) domain, FV/FVIII (b1/b2) domain, MAM (c) domain, and (d) domain that contains a transmembrane and a short cytoplasmic region. Neuropilin-1 (NRP1) acts as a receptor for two different extracellular ligands, class 3 semaphorins, and specific isoforms of vascular endothelial growth factor. The functions of NRP1 and NRP2 have been extensively studied in neurons where they act in axon guidance and in endothelial cells where they promote angiogenesis and cell migration. Neuropilin-1 is likely to mediate contacts between the dendritic cells and the T lymphocytes via homotypic interactions and is essential for the initiation of the primary immune response. NRP1 is a co-receptor for VEGF receptor-2 (VEGFR2) that enhances the binding of VEGF165 to VEGFR2 and VEGF165-mediated chemotaxis. NRP1 expression is regulated in EC by tumor necrosis factor-alpha, the transcription factors dHAND and Ets-1, and vascular injury. NRP1 upregulation is positively correlated with the progression of various tumors. Overexpression of NRPI in rat tumor cells results in enlarged tumors and substantially enhanced tumor angiogenesis. On the other hand, soluble NRP1 (sNRP1) is an antagonist of tumor angiogenesis.
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TMPY-04113 | KRAS Protein,Human,Recombinant(G12D & Q61H, His) | Human | E. coli | ||
K-Ras belongs to the small GTPase superfamily, Ras family. Like other members of the Ras family, K-Ras is a GTPase and is an early player in many signal transduction pathways. It is usually tethered to cell membranes because of the presence of an isoprenyl group on its C-terminus. K-Ras functions as a molecular on/off switch. Once it is turned on it recruits and activates proteins necessary for the propagation of growth factor and other receptors' signal, such as c-Raf and PI 3-kinase. It binds to GTP in the active state and possesses an intrinsic enzymatic activity that cleaves the terminal phosphate of the nucleotide converting it to GDP. Upon conversion of GTP to GDP, K-Ras is turned off. The rate of conversion is usually slow but can be sped up dramatically by an accessory protein of the GTPase activating protein class, for example, RasGAP. In turn, K-Ras can bind to proteins of the Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor class, for example, SOS1, which forces the release of bound nucleotide. Subsequently, K-Ras binds GTP present in the cytosol and the GEF is released from ras-GTP. Besides essential function in normal tissue signaling, the mutation of a K-Ras gene is an essential step in the development of many cancers. Several germline K-Ras mutations are associated with Noonan syndrome and Cardio-Facio-Cutaneous syndrome. Somatic K-Ras mutations are found at high rates in Leukemias, colon cancer, pancreatic cancer, and lung cancer.Cancer ImmunotherapyImmune CheckpointImmunotherapyTargeted Therapy
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TMPJ-00850 | ST2/IL-1 RL1 Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (aa 27-337, His) | Mouse | Human Cells | ||
ST2, also called IL-1 R4, is an Interleukin-1 receptor family glycoprotein that plays a role in Th2 immune responses. ST2 is expressed on the surface of mast cells, activated Th2 cells, macrophages, and cardiac myocytes. This receptor is very similar to the IL-1 receptor type I and the IL-18 receptor α chain in that ST2 also has three extracellular Ig domains and an intracellular Toll domain. ST2 binds IL-33, enhances inflammatory cytokines by activating nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and mitogen activated protein (MAP) kinases. ST2 exists as either a membrane bound form (ST2L) or as a soluble form (sST2). ST2L acts as a transmembrane signalling receptor for IL-33 by mediating the effect of IL-33 on the inflammatory process, while sST2 can suppress IL-33 activity.
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TMPY-02096 | TACI Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | HEK293 | ||
Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 13B (TNFRSF13B) also known as Transmembrane activator and CAML interactor (TACI) and CD267 antigen, is a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily. TNFRSF13B is a trimeric cytokine receptor that binds tumor necrosis factors (TNF). The receptor cooperates with an adaptor protein which is important in determining the outcome of the response. Members of the TNF receptor superfamily (TNFRSF) have crucial roles in both innate and adaptive immunity and in cellular apoptosis process. Apoptosis is a cell suicide mechanism that enables metazoans to control cell number in tissues and to eliminate individual cells that threaten the animal's survival. Certain cells have unique sensors, termed death receptors or tumour necrosis factor (TNFR), on their surface. Tumour necrosis factors (TNFR) detect the presence of extracellular death signals and, in response, they rapidly ignite the cell's intrinsic apoptosis machinery. TACI/TNFRSF13B/CD267 induces activation of the transcription factors NFAT, AP1, and NF-kappa-B and plays a crucial role in humoral immunity by interacting with a TNF ligand.
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TMPY-04844 | BTN3A1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | HEK293 | ||
BTN3A1 has the structure of a type I receptor of the Ig superfamily and is part of a family of seven BTN receptors encoded by genes in the MHC. BTN molecules are composed of two Ig domains (IgV, IgC2), a single transmembrane domain, and a large carboxyl-terminal domain termed B3.2 (or PRYSPRY) located in the cell cytoplasm. There are three human BTN3A loci, BTN3A1, BTN3A2, and BTN3A3, and clear orthologs of BTN3A molecules, now called CD277, are absent from the mouse genome. Despite its similarity to B7 molecules, BTN3A1 was proposed to act not as a coreceptor or costimulatory molecule, but rather to directly present pAg to the γδ TCR in a manner analogous to MHC-restricted peptide presentation. However, this model of BTN3A1 function has been challenged by conflicting data, which show pAg binding to a positively charged pocket in the cytosolic B3.2 domain, and that BTN3A1 does not directly engage the γδ TCR. This contradictory picture has emerged as a result of the complexity of the system and in particular by the use of endogenous and exogenous routes of Ag delivery in in vitro assays.Cancer ImmunotherapyImmune CheckpointImmunotherapyTargeted Therapy
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TMPY-01691 | Clusterin Protein, Human, Recombinant (CLU34, His) | Human | HEK293 | ||
Clusterin, also known as complement-associated protein SP-40, Complement cytolysis inhibitor, Apolipoprotein J, Testosterone-repressed prostate message 2, Aging-associated gene 4 protein, CLU and APOJ, is a secreted protein which belongs to the clusterin family. Clusterin/Apolipoprotein J/Apo-J is an enigmatic glycoprotein with a nearly ubiquitous tissue distribution and an apparent involvement in biological processes ranging from mammary gland involution to neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease. Its major form, a heterodimer, is secreted and present in physiological fluids, but truncated forms targeted to the nucleus have also been identified. Clusterin/Apolipoprotein J/Apo-J is a widely distributed glycoprotein with a wide range of biologic properties. A prominent and defining feature of clusterin is its marked induction in such disease states as glomerulonephritis, cystic renal disease, renal tubular injury, neurodegenerative conditions, atherosclerosis, and myocardial infarction. Upregulation of clusterin mRNA and protein levels detected in diverse disease states and in in vitro systems have led to suggestions that it functions in membrane lipid recycling, in apoptotic cell death, and as a stress-induced secreted chaperone protein, amongst others.
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TMPY-00751 | TrkB Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | HEK293 | ||
TrkB receptor also known as TrkB tyrosine kinase or BDNF/NT-3 growth factors receptor or neurotrophic tyrosine kinase, receptor, type 2 (NTRK2) is a single transmembrane catalytic receptor with intracellular tyrosine kinase activity. TrkB/NTRK2 is a member of the neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase (NTRK) family. TrkB tyrosine kinase (TrkB) or NTRK2 is coupled to the Ras, Cdc42/Rac/RhoG, MAPK, PI3-K, and PLCgamma signaling pathways. There are four members of the Trk family; TrkA, TrkB, and TrkC and a related p75NTR receptor. Each family member binds different neurotrophins with varying affinities. TrkB/NTRK has the highest affinity for brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and is involved in neuronal plasticity, long-term potentiation, and apoptosis of CNS neurons. Other neurotrophins includenerve growth factor(NGF), neurotrophin-3 and neurotrophin-4. TrkB/NTRK is a membrane-bound receptor that, upon neurotrophin binding, phosphorylates itself and members of the MAPK pathway. Signaling through this kinase leads to cell differentiation. Mutations in TrkB/NTRK have been associated with obesity and mood disorders.Cancer ImmunotherapyImmune CheckpointImmunotherapyTargeted Therapy
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TMPY-02820 | SDF-1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (isoform a) | Human | E. coli | ||
The human stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF1), also known as CXCL12, is a small (8 kDa) cytokine highly conserved chemotactic cytokine belonging to the large family of CXC chemokines. SDF1 is expressed in two isoforms from a single gene that encodes two splice variants, SDF1α and SDF1β, which are identical except for the four residues present in the C-terminus of SDF1β but absent from SDF1α. The chemokine CXCL12 [stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1)] binds primarily to CXC receptor 4 (CXCR4; CD184). The binding of CXCL12 to CXCR4 induces intracellular signaling through several divergent pathways initiating signals related to chemotaxis, cell survival and/or proliferation, increase in intracellular calcium, and gene transcription. CXCL12 and CXCR4 that have been widely characterized in peripheral tissues and delineate their main functions in the CNS. Extensive evidence supports CXCL12 as a key regulator for early development of the CNS. In the mature CNS, CXCL12 modulates neurotransmission, neurotoxicity and neuroglial interactions. CXCL12 has crucial roles in the formation of multiple organ systems during embryogenesis and in the regulation of bone marrow haematopoiesis and immune function in the postnatal organism. Although considered an important factor in normal bone metabolism, recent studies implicate CXCL12 in the pathogenesis of several diseases involving the skeleton, including rheumatoid arthritis and cancers that metastasize to bone. The CXCL12/CXCR4 axis is involved in tumor progression, angiogenesis, metastasis, and survival. Pathologically enhanced CXCL12 signaling may promote the formation of new vessels through recruiting circulating endothelial progenitor cells or directly enhancing the migration/growth of endothelial cells. Therefore, CXCL12 signaling represents an important mechanism that regulates brain tumor angiogenesis/vasculogenesis and may provide potential targets for anti-angiogenic therapy in malignant gliomas.
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TMPY-06056 | KRAS Protein, Human, Recombinant (G12D, His) | Human | E. coli | ||
K-Ras belongs to the small GTPase superfamily, Ras family. Like other members of the Ras family, K-Ras is a GTPase and is an early player in many signal transduction pathways. It is usually tethered to cell membranes because of the presence of an isoprenyl group on its C-terminus. K-Ras functions as a molecular on/off switch. Once it is turned on it recruits and activates proteins necessary for the propagation of growth factor and other receptors' signal, such as c-Raf and PI 3-kinase. It binds to GTP in the active state and possesses an intrinsic enzymatic activity that cleaves the terminal phosphate of the nucleotide converting it to GDP. Upon conversion of GTP to GDP, K-Ras is turned off. The rate of conversion is usually slow but can be sped up dramatically by an accessory protein of the GTPase activating protein class, for example, RasGAP. In turn, K-Ras can bind to proteins of the Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor class, for example, SOS1, which forces the release of bound nucleotide. Subsequently, K-Ras binds GTP present in the cytosol and the GEF is released from ras-GTP. Besides essential function in normal tissue signaling, the mutation of a K-Ras gene is an essential step in the development of many cancers. Several germline K-Ras mutations are associated with Noonan syndrome and Cardio-Facio-Cutaneous syndrome. Somatic K-Ras mutations are found at high rates in Leukemias, colon cancer, pancreatic cancer, and lung cancer.Cancer ImmunotherapyImmune CheckpointImmunotherapyTargeted Therapy
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TMPY-05288 | PLGF/PGF Protein, Human, Recombinant (aa 19-149) | Human | E. coli | ||
PLGF/PGF Protein, Human, Recombinant (aa 19-149) is expressed in E. coli.
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TMPY-05586 | CD28H/TMIGD2 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & Avi), Biotinylated | Human | HEK293 | ||
The orthologue of human IGPR-1 is found only in eukaryotes, including primates, the guinea pig, canines, felines, dolphins, bovines, the llama, bats, the common shrew, and horses. Of interest, the IGPR-1 gene is absent in mouse and rat genomes. The immunoglobulin domain of IGPR-1 was predicted to be Ig V (variable) fold and was found to be highly similar to the Ig domain of myelin-associated glycoprotein.Cancer ImmunotherapyImmune CheckpointImmunotherapyTargeted Therapy
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TMPY-02358 | CD98 Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His) | Mouse | HEK293 | ||
4F2 cell-surface antigen heavy chain, also known as 4F2 heavy chain antigen, Lymphocyte activation antigen 4F2 large subunit, CD98, SLC3A2 and MDU1, is a single-pass type I I membrane protein that belongs to the SLC3A transporter family. SLC3A2 / MDU1 is expressed ubiquitously in all tissues tested with highest levels detected in kidney, placenta and testis and weakest level in thymus. During gestation, expression in the placenta is significantly stronger at full-term than at the mid-trimester stage. SLC3A2 / MDU1 is expressed in HUVECS and at low levels in resting peripheral blood T-lymphocytes and quiescent fibroblasts. It is expressed in fetal liver and in the astrocytic process of primary astrocytic gliomas. SLC3A2 / MDU1 is also expressed in retinal endothelial cells and in the intestinal epithelial cell line Caco2-BBE. SLC3A2 / MDU1 is required for the function of light chain amino-acid transporters. It is involved in sodium-independent, high-affinity transport of large neutral amino acids such as phenylalanine, tyrosine, leucine, arginine and tryptophan. SLC3A2 / MDU1 is involved in guiding and targeting of LAT1 and LAT2 to the plasma membrane. When associated with SLC7A6 or SLC7A7, SLC3A2 / MDU1 acts as an arginine/glutamine exchanger, following an antiport mechanism for amino acid transport, influencing arginine release in exchange for extracellular amino acids. SLC3A2 / MDU1 plays a role in nitric oxide synthesis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) via transport of L-arginine. It is required for normal and neoplastic cell growth. When associated with SLC7A5/LAT1, SLC3A2 / MDU1 is also involved in the transport of L-DOPA across the blood-brain barrier, and that of thyroid hormones triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) across the cell membrane in tissues such as placenta.
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TMPY-02367 | Neuropilin-1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (isoform b, His) | Human | HEK293 | ||
Neuropilin is a type I transmembrane protein and the molecular mass is 120 kDa. Two homologs, Neuropilin-1 and Neuropilin-2, are identified. The primary structure of Neuropilin-1 and Neuropilin-2 is well conserved and is divided into four domains, CUB (a1/a2) domain, FV/FVIII (b1/b2) domain, MAM (c) domain, and (d) domain that contains a transmembrane and a short cytoplasmic region. Neuropilin-1 (NRP1) acts as a receptor for two different extracellular ligands, class 3 semaphorins, and specific isoforms of vascular endothelial growth factor. The functions of NRP1 and NRP2 have been extensively studied in neurons where they act in axon guidance and in endothelial cells where they promote angiogenesis and cell migration. Neuropilin-1 is likely to mediate contacts between the dendritic cells and the T lymphocytes via homotypic interactions and is essential for the initiation of the primary immune response. NRP1 is a co-receptor for VEGF receptor-2 (VEGFR2) that enhances the binding of VEGF165 to VEGFR2 and VEGF165-mediated chemotaxis. NRP1 expression is regulated in EC by tumor necrosis factor-alpha, the transcription factors dHAND and Ets-1, and vascular injury. NRP1 upregulation is positively correlated with the progression of various tumors. Overexpression of NRPI in rat tumor cells results in enlarged tumors and substantially enhanced tumor angiogenesis. On the other hand, soluble NRP1 (sNRP1) is an antagonist of tumor angiogenesis.
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TMPY-03425 | Tau Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | E. coli | ||
MAPT (microtubule-associated protein tau) can produce tau proteins. Tau proteins are proteins that stabilize microtubules. They are abundant in neurons of the central nervous system and are less common elsewhere, but are also expressed at very low levels in CNS astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. When tau proteins are defective, and no longer stabilize microtubules properly, they can result in dementias such as Alzheimer's disease. Tau protein is a highly soluble microtubule-associated protein (MAP). In humans, these proteins are mostly found in neurons compared to non-neuronal cells. One of tau's main functions is to modulate the stability of axonal microtubules. Other nervous system MAPs may perform similar functions, as suggested by tau knockout mice, who did not show abnormalities in brain development - possibly because of compensation in tau deficiency by other MAPs.
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TMPY-00871 | LAYN Protein, Human, Recombinant (hFc) | Human | HEK293 | ||
Layilin recently characterized as a 55 kDa transmembrane protein with homology to C-type lectins, is present in numerous cell lines and tissue extracts. As one of the adaptor proteins, talin mediates the interactions between the actin filaments and the cell membrane by binding to integral membrane proteins and the cytoskeleton. Layilin is a newly identified membrane-binding site for talin in peripheral ruffles of spreading cells, a ten-amino acid motif in the Layilin cytoplasmic domain is sufficient for talin binding, and its adjacent LH2-LH3 tandem arrays in the cytoplasmic domain provide docking sites for talin. Furthermore, talin binds Layilin, PIPK1gamma, and integrins in similar although subtly different ways. Layilin binds specifically to hyaluronan (HA) through its extracellular domain, a ubiquitous extracellular matrix component in most animal tissues and body fluids, but not to other tested glycosaminoglycans. The research suggests that Layilin may mediate signals from the extracellular matrix to the cell cytoskeleton via interaction with different intracellular binding partners and thereby be involved in the modulation of cortical structures in the cell. All the above actions reveal an interesting parallel between Layilin and the known HA receptor CD44. Also, merlin and radixin have been identified as different intracellular binding partners of Layilin. Accordingly, it has been suggested that Layilin plays roles in a variety of cellular processes, including cell shape, adhesion, motility, and homeostasis, as well as signal transduction. Besides, Layilin might play an important role in the process of invasion and lymphatic metastasis of lung carcinoma.
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TMPY-00849 | ST2/IL-1 RL1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (hFc) | Human | HEK293 | ||
IL-1 receptor–like 1 (IL1RL1) is a membrane receptor involved in TH2 inflammatory responses and eosinophilia. It has previously been described that levels of the interleukin-1 like 1 (IL1RL1) protein can be used to diagnose cardiovascular disease and determine the prognosis for a patient with cardiovascular disease. The ligand for IL1RL1 has been described and named IL-33. Mutants in IL1RL1 have been associated with blood eosinophil counts in a genome-wide association study and with asthma in family-based and case-control studies. As an important mediator involved in many immune and inflammatory responses, this cytokine has been implicated as a regulator of both the development and effector phases of type 2 helper T cell responses, and as a negative feedback modulator of macrophage proinflammatory function. IL33 is a specific ligand of ST2L and induces the production of Th2 cytokines.
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TMPY-00392 | PAM Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | HEK293 | ||
Peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase (PAM) is highly expressed in neurons and endocrine cells, where it catalyzes one of the final steps in the biosynthesis of bioactive peptides. PAM is also expressed in unicellular organisms such as Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, which do not store peptides in secretory granules. As for other granule membrane proteins, PAM is retrieved from the cell surface and returned to the trans-Golgi network. This pathway involves regulated entry of PAM into multivesicular body intralumenal vesicles (ILVs). Peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase (PAM) is an essential enzyme that catalyzes the COOH-terminal amidation of many neuroendocrine peptides.
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TMPY-02231 | TrkB Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His) | Mouse | HEK293 | ||
TrkB receptor also known as TrkB tyrosine kinase or BDNF/NT-3 growth factors receptor or neurotrophic tyrosine kinase, receptor, type 2 (NTRK2) is a single transmembrane catalytic receptor with intracellular tyrosine kinase activity. TrkB/NTRK2 is a member of the neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase (NTRK) family. TrkB tyrosine kinase (TrkB) or NTRK2 is coupled to the Ras, Cdc42/Rac/RhoG, MAPK, PI3-K, and PLCgamma signaling pathways. There are four members of the Trk family; TrkA, TrkB, and TrkC and a related p75NTR receptor. Each family member binds different neurotrophins with varying affinities. TrkB/NTRK has the highest affinity for brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and is involved in neuronal plasticity, long-term potentiation, and apoptosis of CNS neurons. Other neurotrophins includenerve growth factor(NGF), neurotrophin-3 and neurotrophin-4. TrkB/NTRK is a membrane-bound receptor that, upon neurotrophin binding, phosphorylates itself and members of the MAPK pathway. Signaling through this kinase leads to cell differentiation. Mutations in TrkB/NTRK have been associated with obesity and mood disorders.Cancer ImmunotherapyImmune CheckpointImmunotherapyTargeted Therapy
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TMPY-02432 | VEGF164 Protein, Rat, Recombinant | Rat | Baculovirus-Insect Cells | ||
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), also known as vascular permeability factor (VPF) and VEGF-A, is a potent mediator of both angiogenesis and vasculogenesis in the fetus and adult. It is a member of the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)/vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family and often exists as a disulfide-linked homodimer. VEGF-A protein is a glycosylated mitogen that specifically acts on endothelial cells and has various effects, including mediating increased vascular permeability, inducing angiogenesis, vasculogenesis and endothelial cell growth, promoting cell migration, inhibiting apoptosis and tumor growth. VEGF-A protein is also a vasodilator that increases microvascular permeability, thus it was originally referred to as vascular permeability factor.Cancer ImmunotherapyImmune CheckpointImmunotherapyTargeted Therapy
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TMPY-04116 | KRAS Protein,Human,Recombinant(G12C & Q61H, His) | Human | E. coli | ||
K-Ras belongs to the small GTPase superfamily, Ras family. Like other members of the Ras family, K-Ras is a GTPase and is an early player in many signal transduction pathways. It is usually tethered to cell membranes because of the presence of an isoprenyl group on its C-terminus. K-Ras functions as a molecular on/off switch. Once it is turned on it recruits and activates proteins necessary for the propagation of growth factor and other receptors' signal, such as c-Raf and PI 3-kinase. It binds to GTP in the active state and possesses an intrinsic enzymatic activity that cleaves the terminal phosphate of the nucleotide converting it to GDP. Upon conversion of GTP to GDP, K-Ras is turned off. The rate of conversion is usually slow but can be sped up dramatically by an accessory protein of the GTPase activating protein class, for example, RasGAP. In turn, K-Ras can bind to proteins of the Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor class, for example, SOS1, which forces the release of bound nucleotide. Subsequently, K-Ras binds GTP present in the cytosol and the GEF is released from ras-GTP. Besides essential function in normal tissue signaling, the mutation of a K-Ras gene is an essential step in the development of many cancers. Several germline K-Ras mutations are associated with Noonan syndrome and Cardio-Facio-Cutaneous syndrome. Somatic K-Ras mutations are found at high rates in Leukemias, colon cancer, pancreatic cancer, and lung cancer.Cancer ImmunotherapyImmune CheckpointImmunotherapyTargeted Therapy
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TMPY-00850 | ST2/IL-1 RL1 Protein, Human, Recombinant | Human | HEK293 | ||
IL-1 receptor–like 1 (IL1RL1) is a membrane receptor involved in TH2 inflammatory responses and eosinophilia. It has previously been described that levels of the interleukin-1 like 1 (IL1RL1) protein can be used to diagnose cardiovascular disease and determine the prognosis for a patient with cardiovascular disease. The ligand for IL1RL1 has been described and named IL-33. Mutants in IL1RL1 have been associated with blood eosinophil counts in a genome-wide association study and with asthma in family-based and case-control studies. As an important mediator involved in many immune and inflammatory responses, this cytokine has been implicated as a regulator of both the development and effector phases of type 2 helper T cell responses, and as a negative feedback modulator of macrophage proinflammatory function. IL33 is a specific ligand of ST2L and induces the production of Th2 cytokines.
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TMPY-04829 | G-CSF Protein, Human, Recombinant | Human | HEK293 | ||
Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) is a growth factor and an essential cytokine belonging to the CSF family of hormone-like glycoproteins. It is produced by numerous cell types including immune and endothelial cells. G-CSF binding to its receptor G-CSF-R which belongs to the cytokine receptor type I family depends on the interaction of alpha-helical motifs of the former and two fibronectin type III as well as an immunoglobulin-like domain of the latter. Recent animal studies have also revealed that G-CSF activates multiple signaling pathways, such as Akt and also the Janus family kinase-2 and signal transducer and activation of transcription-3 (Jak2-STAT3) pathway, thereby promoting survival, proliferation, differentiation and mobilisation of haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. G-CSF is a cytokine that have been demonstrated to improve cardiac function and perfusion in myocardial infarction. And it was initially evaluated as a stem cell mobilizer and erythropoietin as a cytoprotective agent. G-CSF prevents left ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction by decreasing cardiomyocyte death and by increasing the number of blood vessels, suggesting the importance of direct actions of G-CSF on the myocardium rather than through mobilization and differentiation of stem cells. Accordingly, recombinant human (rh)G-CSF has been extensively used in clinical haematology and oncology to enable bone marrow transplantation or to treat chemotherapy-associated neutropenia. In preclinical study, G-CSF improved cardiac function and perfusion by angiomyogenesis and protection of cardiomyocytes in myocardial infarction.Cancer ImmunotherapyImmune CheckpointImmunotherapyTargeted Therapy
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TMPY-00748 | Nectin-2 Protein, Human, Recombinant | Human | HEK293 | ||
Cluster of Differentiation 112 (CD112), also known as poliovirus receptor related protein 2 (PVRL2 or PRR2), is a single-pass type I transmembrane glycoprotein belonging to the Immunoglobulin superfamily. CD112 protein also serves as an entry for certain mutant strains of herpes simplex virus and pseudorabies virus, and thus is involved in cell to cell spreading of these viruses. CD112 protein has been identified as the ligand for DNAM-1 (CD226), and the interaction of CD226/CD112 protein can induce NK cell- and CD8+T cell-mediated cytotoxicity and cytokine secretion. CD112 has been regarded as a critical component in allergic reactions, and accordingly may function as a novel target for anti-allergic therapy.
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TMPY-01199 | CD74 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | HEK293 | ||
The cluster of differentiation (CD) system is commonly used as cell markers in Immunophenotyping. Different kinds of cells in the immune system can be identified through the surface CD molecules associating with the immune function of the cell. There are more than 320 CD unique clusters and subclusters have been identified. Some of the CD molecules serve as receptors or ligands important to the cell through initiating a signal cascade which then alter the behavior of the cell. Some CD proteins do not take part in cell signal process but have other functions such as cell adhesion. CD74, also known as HLA class2 histocompatibility antigen gamma chain and HLA-DR antigens-associated invariant chain, is a polypeptide involved in the formation and transport of MHC class2 protein. CD74 is expressed by B cells, macrophages, and Reed-Sternberg cells. When MHC class 2 protein was in the rough ER, its peptide-binding cleft was blocked by CD74 to prevent it from interacting with the endogenous peptides. CD74 also serves to facilitate MHC class2's export from ER.
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TMPY-00005 | FGF-8a Protein, Human, Recombinant | Human | E. coli | ||
In mammalian embryos, transient Fgf8 expression defines the developing isthmic region, lying between the midbrain and the first rhombomere, but there has been uncertainty about the existence of a distinct isthmic segment in postnatal mammals. Retinoic acid (RA) directly represses Fgf8 through a RARE-mediated mechanism that promotes repressive chromatin, thus providing valuable insight into the mechanism of RA-FGF antagonism during progenitor cell differentiation. Fgf8 encodes a key signaling factor, and its precise regulation is essential for embryo patterning.
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TMPY-02971 | CLEC10A Protein, Human, Recombinant (hFc) | Human | HEK293 | ||
CLEC10A, also known as the macrophage galactose-type calcium-type lectins (MGLs; CD301) constitute a unique class of C-type lectins because of their specificity for galactose and its structural homologues. MGLs/CD301 is a type II transmembrane glycoproteins and is expressed on macrophages and related cells of myeloid origins, particularly immature dendritic cells (DCs). There are 2 homologues: MGL1 and MGL2 (CD301a and CD301b) in mice. MGL1/CD301a induces both the production and secretion of interleukin (IL)-10. MGL1/CD301a plays a protective role against colitis by effectively inducing IL-10 production by colonic lamina propria macrophages in response to invading commensal bacteria.
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TMPY-05427 | CD19 Protein, Human, Recombinant (hFc) | Human | HEK293 | ||
The cluster of differentiation (CD) system is commonly used as cell markers in Immunophenotyping. Different kinds of cells in the immune system can be identified through the surface CD molecules associating with the immune function of the cell. There are more than 320 CD unique clusters and subclusters have been identified. Some of the CD molecules serve as receptors or ligands important to the cell through initiating a signal cascade which then alter the behavior of the cell. Some CD proteins do not take part in cell signal process but have other functions such as cell adhesion. Cluster of differentiation 19 (CD19) is a member of CD system. CD19 is a cell surface molecule that assembles with the antigen receptor of B-cells. This results in a descent in the threshold for antigen receptor-dependent stimulation. A simplified view holds that the ability of B-cells to respond to the various antigens in a specific and sensitive manner is achieved in the presence of low-affinity antigen receptors. CD19 primarily acts as a B-cell co-receptor in conjunction with CD21 and CD81. The formation of the receptor complex is induced by antigen and CD19, induced by exogenous antigen, has been found cytoplasmic tail phosphorylated and bind to sIg.Cancer ImmunotherapyImmune CheckpointImmunotherapyTargeted Therapy
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TMPY-04051 | c-Kit Protein, Human, Recombinant (hFc) | Human | HEK293 | ||
C-Kit is a type 3 transmembrane receptor for MGF (mast cell growth factor, also known as stem cell factor). c-Kit contains 5 Ig-like C2-type (immunoglobulin-like) domains and 1 protein kinase domain. It belongs to the protein kinase superfamily, tyr protein kinase family, and CSF-1/PDGF receptor subfamily. C-Kit has tyrosine-protein kinase activity. Binding of the ligands leads to the autophosphorylation of KIT and its association with substrates such as phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase. Antibodies to c-Kit are widely used in immunohistochemistry to help distinguish particular types of tumor in histological tissue sections. It is used primarily in the diagnosis of GISTs. In GISTs, c-Kit staining is typically cytoplasmic, with stronger accentuation along the cell membranes. C-Kit antibodies can also be used in the diagnosis of mast cell tumors and in distinguishing seminomas from embryonal carcinomas. Mutations in the c-Kit gene are associated with gastrointestinal stromal tumors, mast cell disease, acute myelogenous leukemia, and piebaldism. Defects in KIT are a cause of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). AML is a malignant disease in which hematopoietic precursors are arrested in an early stage of development. Note=Somatic mutations that lead to constitutive activation of KIT are detected in AML patients.Cancer ImmunotherapyImmune CheckpointImmunotherapyTargeted Therapy
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