目录号 | 产品详情 | 靶点 | |
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T83892 | |||
33-BCRP抑制剂是一种乳腺癌耐药蛋白(BCRP)的抑制剂。它使得对米托蒽醌耐药的H460/MX20肺癌细胞对米托蒽醌诱导的细胞死亡更加敏感,无论是单独使用还是与UV辐射联合使用。33-BCRP抑制剂还能够增强表达P-糖蛋白(P-gp,亦称为多药耐药蛋白MDR)的KB-C2表皮癌细胞对秋水仙碱诱导的细胞死亡的敏感性。当使用5 µM浓度时,它能增加米托蒽醌在H460/MX20细胞中的细胞内积累。 | |||
T10815 | Endogenous Metabolite | ||
Cinnamoylglycine 是肉桂酸和的甘氨酸结合物,是人体尿液代谢物。它被用作的尿液标志物,能够作为在抗生素研究期之后定殖耐药性的标志物。 | |||
T21876 | Apoptosis Others | ||
DC_AC50 是一种 Atox 和 CCS 的双抑制剂,是一种抑制细胞内铜伴侣作为减少/预防获得性化疗耐药性的手段。它与 Atox1 和 CCS 结合并减少癌细胞增殖和肿瘤生长。 | |||
T9982 | MRP | ||
PU 23 是一种多药抗性蛋白4(MRP4)的抑制剂。 | |||
T3881 | Integrin Akt PERK AMPK | ||
Vaccarin 是从王不留行中提取的一种黄酮糖苷,可显著促进伤口愈合以及伤口部位的内皮和成纤维细胞增殖。它通过激活 AMPK 信号通路改善胰岛素抵抗和脂肪变性。 | |||
TQ0186 | BCRP ABC | ||
Ko 143 有效且选择性抑制 ATP 结合盒亚家族 G 成员 2 (ABCG2/BCRP) | |||
T3581 | Potassium Channel BCRP | ||
KS176是选择性高活性乳腺癌耐药蛋白多药转运通道抑制剂,在Pheo A 和Hoechst 检测中,IC50值分别为0.59和1.39 μM。 | |||
T4595 | BCRP | ||
YHO-13177 是高活性乳腺癌耐药蛋白多药转运通道(BCRP)抑制剂,可增强SN-38活性。 | |||
T13383 | BCRP Hydroxylase P-gp | ||
Zamicastat (BIA 5-1058) 是多巴胺 β-羟化酶 (DBH) 抑制剂,可透过血脑屏障引起中枢和周边效应,具有降血压作用。它也是一种浓度依赖性的双重 P-gp 和 BCRP 抑制剂,IC50值分别为 73.8 和 17.0 μM。 | |||
T1248 | Antibacterial Autophagy | ||
Sulfanitran 是一种用于家禽业的磺胺类抗生素。它也是一种多药耐药蛋白 2 (MRP2) 激动剂,可增加 MRP2 对雌二醇 17-β-D-葡糖醛酸的亲和力。 |
目录号 | 产品名/同用名 | 种属 | 表达系统 | ||
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TMPJ-00871 | BAR Protein, S. hygroscopicus, Recombinant | Streptomyces hygroscopicus | E. coli | ||
Phosphinothricin N-acetyltransferase (PAT) is an enzyme that acetylates the free NH2 group of L-phosphinothricin (L-PPT) in the presence of acetyl-CoA as a co-substrate. It is highly specific for L-PPT and does not acetylate other L-amino acids or structurally similar molecules. L-PPT is a glutamate analog that can inhibit glutamine synthetase activity in plants, resulting in the accumulation of ammonia to toxic levels and impairment of photosynthesis. The introduction of a PAT gene into a plant genome can confer resistance to glufosinate herbicide during post-emergent applications.
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TMPH-00981 | ABCB1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | E. coli | ||
ABCB1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in E. coli.
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TMPH-01711 | ABCC1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | E. coli | ||
Mediates export of organic anions and drugs from the cytoplasm. Mediates ATP-dependent transport of glutathione and glutathione conjugates, leukotriene C4, estradiol-17-beta-o-glucuronide, methotrexate, antiviral drugs and other xenobiotics. Confers resistance to anticancer drugs by decreasing accumulation of drug in cells, and by mediating ATP- and GSH-dependent drug export. Hydrolyzes ATP with low efficiency. Catalyzes the export of sphingosine 1-phosphate from mast cells independently of their degranulation. Participates in inflammatory response by allowing export of leukotriene C4 from leukotriene C4-synthezing cells.
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TMPY-01146 | Insulin Receptor Protein, Human, Recombinant (long isoform, His) | Human | HEK293 | ||
INSR (Insulin receptor), also known as CD22, is a transmembrane receptor that is activated by insulin. INSR belongs to the protein kinase superfamily and exists as a tetramer consisting of two alpha subunits and two beta subunits linked by disulfide bonds. The alpha and beta subunits are encoded by a single INSR gene, and the beta subunits pass through the cellular membrane. As the receptor for insulin with tyrosine-protein kinase activity, INSR associates with downstream mediators upon binding to insulin, including IRS1 (insulin receptor substrate 1) and phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase (PI3K). IRS-1 binding and phosphorylation eventually lead to an increase in the high-affinity glucose transporter (Glut4) molecules on the outer membrane of insulin-responsive tissues. INSR isoform long and isoform short are expressed in the peripheral nerve, kidney, liver, striated muscle, fibroblasts and skin, and is found as a hybrid receptor with IGF1R which also binds IGF1 in muscle, heart, kidney, adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, hepatoma, fibroblasts, spleen, and placenta. Defects in Insulin Receptor/INSR are the cause of Rabson-Mendenhall syndrome (Mendenhall syndrome), insulin resistance (Ins resistance), leprechaunism (Donohue syndrome), and familial hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia 5 (HHF5). It may also be associated with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM).
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TMPY-05556 | Adiponectin Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | Baculovirus-Insect Cells | ||
Adiponectin (ADIPOQ), or 30 kDa adipocyte complement-related protein (Acrp30) is a protein secreted by adipose tissue, which acts to reduce insulin resistance and atherogenic damage, but it also exerts actions in other tissues. Adiponectin mediates its actions in the periphery mainly via two receptors, AdipoR1 and AdipoR2. Adiponectin influences gonadotropin release, normal pregnancy, and assisted reproduction outcomes. Adiponectin, a beneficial adipokine, represents a major link between obesity and reproduction. Higher levels of adiponectin are associated with improved menstrual function and better outcomes in assisted reproductive cycles. Unlike other adipocytokines produced by adipose tissue, adiponectin appears to have anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, and anti-atherogenic properties. Several clinical studies demonstrate the inverse relationship between plasma adiponectin levels and several inflammatory markers including C-reactive protein. Adiponectin attenuates inflammatory responses to multiple stimuli by modulating signaling pathways in a variety of cell types. The anti-inflammatory properties of adiponectin may be a major component of its beneficial effects on cardiovascular and metabolic disorders including atherosclerosis and insulin resistance. Additionally, it is important factor in chronic liver diseases and chronic kidney diseases. Some cancer cell types express adiponectin receptors. Thus Adiponectin may act on tumour cells directly by binding and activating adiponectin receptors and downstream signalling pathways.
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TMPY-02848 | Adiponectin Protein, Human, Recombinant (hFc) | Human | HEK293 | ||
Adiponectin (ADIPOQ), or 30 kDa adipocyte complement-related protein (Acrp30) is a protein secreted by adipose tissue, which acts to reduce insulin resistance and atherogenic damage, but it also exerts actions in other tissues. Adiponectin mediates its actions in the periphery mainly via two receptors, AdipoR1 and AdipoR2. Adiponectin influences gonadotropin release, normal pregnancy, and assisted reproduction outcomes. Adiponectin, a beneficial adipokine, represents a major link between obesity and reproduction. Higher levels of adiponectin are associated with improved menstrual function and better outcomes in assisted reproductive cycles. Unlike other adipocytokines produced by adipose tissue, adiponectin appears to have anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, and anti-atherogenic properties. Several clinical studies demonstrate the inverse relationship between plasma adiponectin levels and several inflammatory markers including C-reactive protein. Adiponectin attenuates inflammatory responses to multiple stimuli by modulating signaling pathways in a variety of cell types. The anti-inflammatory properties of adiponectin may be a major component of its beneficial effects on cardiovascular and metabolic disorders including atherosclerosis and insulin resistance. Additionally, it is important factor in chronic liver diseases and chronic kidney diseases. Some cancer cell types express adiponectin receptors. Thus Adiponectin may act on tumour cells directly by binding and activating adiponectin receptors and downstream signalling pathways.
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TMPY-04069 | Neurotrophin 3 Protein, Human, Recombinant | Human | E. coli | ||
NTF3 (Neurotrophin 3) is a Protein Coding gene. The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the neurotrophin family, that controls the survival and differentiation of mammalian neurons. This protein is closely related to both nerve growth factor and brain-derived neurotrophic factor. NTF3 is a key mediator of neuronal development during the early neurogenic period. NTF3 is a novel target gene of POU3F2 and that the POU3F2/NTF3 pathway plays a role in the process of neuronal differentiation. NTF3 is capable of activating TrkB to induce anoikis resistance, and show that NTF3 is also a direct target of miR-200c. NTF3 is broadly expressed in the ovary, spleen, and other tissues. Diseases associated with NTF3 include Hypochondriasis and Demyelinating Disease.
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TMPY-01009 | TGFBI Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | HEK293 | ||
TGFBI is an RGD-containing protein that binds to type I, II and IV collagens. The RGD motif is found in many extracellular matrix proteins modulating cell adhesion and serves as a ligand recognition sequence for several integrins. TGFBI plays a role in cell-collagen interactions and may be involved in endochondral bone formation in cartilage. TGFBI is induced by transforming growth factor-beta and acts to inhibit cell adhesion. Mutations in TGFBI are associated with multiple types of corneal dystrophy. TGFBI can bind to type I, II, and IV collagens. This adhesion protein may play an important role in cell-collagen interactions. In cartilage, TGFBI may be involved in endochondral bone formation. Loss of the TGFBI is sufficient to induce specific resistance.
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TMPY-05850 | CEACAM6 Protein, Cynomolgus, Recombinant (His) | Cynomolgus | HEK293 | ||
Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 6 (CEACAM6), also known as nonspecific crossreacting antigen (NCA) and CD66c, is one of seven human CEACAM family members within the immunoglobulin superfamily. It s a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-linked immunoglobulin superfamily member that is overexpressed in a variety of human cancers, including colon, breast and lung and is associated with tumourigenesis, tumour cell adhesion, invasion and metastasis. CEACAM6 is a unique mediator of migration and invasion of drug resistant oestrogen-deprived breast cancer cells, and this protein could be an important biomarker of metastasis. CEACAM6 is expressed by granulocytes and their progenitors. It is also expressed by epithelia of various organs and is upregulated in pancreatic and colon adenocarcinomas, as well as hyperplastic polyps. Resistance to adhesion-related apoptosis in tumor cells is conferred in the condition of CEACAM6 overexpression.
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TMPY-03156 | VEGFC Protein, Mouse/Rat, Recombinant (aa 108-223, His) | Mouse,Rat | HEK293 | ||
Vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C) is a member of the VEGF family. Upon biosynthesis, VEGF-C protein is secreted as a non-covalent momodimer in an anti-parellel fashion. VEGF-C protein is a dimeric glycoprotein, as a ligand for two receptors, VEGFR-3 (Flt4), and VEGFR-2. VEGF-C may function in angiogenesis of the venous and lymphatic vascular systems during embryogenesis. VEGF-C protein is over-expressed in various human cancers including breast cancer and prostate cancer. VEGF-C/VEGFR-3 axis, through different signaling pathways, plays a critical role in cancer progression by regulating different cellular functions, such as invasion, proliferation, and resistance to chemotherapy. Thus, targeting the VEGF-C/VEGFR-3 axis may be therapeutically significant for certain types of tumors.
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TMPY-01007 | VEGFC Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | HEK293 | ||
Vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C) is a member of the VEGF family. Upon biosynthesis, VEGF-C protein is secreted as a non-covalent momodimer in an anti-parellel fashion. VEGF-C protein is a dimeric glycoprotein, as a ligand for two receptors, VEGFR-3 (Flt4), and VEGFR-2. VEGF-C may function in angiogenesis of the venous and lymphatic vascular systems during embryogenesis. VEGF-C protein is over-expressed in various human cancers including breast cancer and prostate cancer. VEGF-C/VEGFR-3 axis, through different signaling pathways, plays a critical role in cancer progression by regulating different cellular functions, such as invasion, proliferation, and resistance to chemotherapy. Thus, targeting the VEGF-C/VEGFR-3 axis may be therapeutically significant for certain types of tumors.
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TMPY-00971 | CEACAM6 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | HEK293 | ||
Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 6 (CEACAM6), also known as nonspecific crossreacting antigen (NCA) and CD66c, is one of seven human CEACAM family members within the immunoglobulin superfamily. It s a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-linked immunoglobulin superfamily member that is overexpressed in a variety of human cancers, including colon, breast and lung and is associated with tumourigenesis, tumour cell adhesion, invasion and metastasis. CEACAM6 is a unique mediator of migration and invasion of drug resistant oestrogen-deprived breast cancer cells, and this protein could be an important biomarker of metastasis. CEACAM6 is expressed by granulocytes and their progenitors. It is also expressed by epithelia of various organs and is upregulated in pancreatic and colon adenocarcinomas, as well as hyperplastic polyps. Resistance to adhesion-related apoptosis in tumor cells is conferred in the condition of CEACAM6 overexpression.
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TMPY-01567 | RBP4 Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His) | Mouse | HEK293 | ||
Retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) is the specific carrier for retinol (also known as vitamin A), and is responsible for the conversion of unstable and insoluble retinol in aqueous solution into stable and soluble complex in plasma through their tight interaction. As a member of the lipocalin superfamily, RBP4 containing a β-barrel structure with a well-defined cavity is secreted from the liver, and in turn delivers retinol from the liver stores to the peripheral tissues. In plasma, the RBP4-retinol complex interacts with transthyretin (TTR), and this binding is crucial for preventing RBP4 excretion through the kidney glomeruli. RBP4 expressed from an ectopic source efficiently delivers retinol to the eyes, and its deficiency affects night vision largely. Recently, RBP4 as an adipokine, is found to be expressed in adipose tissue and correlated with obesity, insulin resistance (IR) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM).
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TMPY-02938 | REG4 Protein, Rat, Recombinant (His) | Rat | HEK293 | ||
Regenerating islet-derived protein 4, also known as REG-like protein, REG4, GISP and RELP, a member of the regenerating gene family belonging to the calcium (C-type) dependent lectin superfamily, has been found to be involved in malignancy in several different organs including the stomach, colorectum, pancreas and prostate. It is highly expressed in the gastrointestinal tract and markedly up-regulated in colon adenocarcinoma, pancreatic cancer, gastric adenocarcinoma, and inflammatory bowel disease. Expression of the Reg4 in different cell types has been associated with regeneration, cell growth and cell survival, cell adhesion and resistance to apoptosis. REG4 protein overexpression is associated with an unfavorable response to preoperative chemoradiotherapy and may be used as a predictive biomarker clinically. REG4 may play an important role in the development and progression of colorectal cancer, as well as in intestinal morphogenesis and epithelium restitution.
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TMPY-01126 | CD39 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | Baculovirus-Insect Cells | ||
CD39, also known as ENTPD1, belongs to the GDA1/CD39 NTPase family. It is expressed primarily on activated lymphoid cells and can also be detected in endothelial tissues. The vascular isoform and the placental isoform II are present in both placenta and umbilical vein, whereas placental isoform I is present in placenta only. CD39 can hydrolyze both nucleoside triphosphates and diphosphates. It is the dominant ecto nucleotidase of vascular and placental trophoblastic tissues and appears to modulate the functional expression of type 2 purinergic (P2) G protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). CD39 transgenic mice exhibit impaired platelet aggregation, prolonged bleeding times, and resistance to systemic thromboembolism. There is a correlation between ATP hydrolysis and triglycerides in patients with chronic heart disease, suggesting a relationship between ATP diphosphohydrolase and thrombogenesis. In the nervous system, CD39 could hydrolyze ATP and other nucleotides to regulate purinergic neurotransmission.
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TMPY-02808 | CD39 Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His) | Mouse | Baculovirus-Insect Cells | ||
CD39, also known as ENTPD1, belongs to the GDA1/CD39 NTPase family. It is expressed primarily on activated lymphoid cells and can also be detected in endothelial tissues. The vascular isoform and the placental isoform II are present in both placenta and umbilical vein, whereas placental isoform I is present in placenta only. CD39 can hydrolyze both nucleoside triphosphates and diphosphates. It is the dominant ecto nucleotidase of vascular and placental trophoblastic tissues and appears to modulate the functional expression of type 2 purinergic (P2) G protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). CD39 transgenic mice exhibit impaired platelet aggregation, prolonged bleeding times, and resistance to systemic thromboembolism. There is a correlation between ATP hydrolysis and triglycerides in patients with chronic heart disease, suggesting a relationship between ATP diphosphohydrolase and thrombogenesis. In the nervous system, CD39 could hydrolyze ATP and other nucleotides to regulate purinergic neurotransmission.
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TMPY-05151 | CD39 Protein, Cynomolgus, Rhesus, Recombinant (His) | Cynomolgus,Rhesus | Baculovirus-Insect Cells | ||
CD39, also known as ENTPD1, belongs to the GDA1/CD39 NTPase family. It is expressed primarily on activated lymphoid cells and can also be detected in endothelial tissues. The vascular isoform and the placental isoform II are present in both placenta and umbilical vein, whereas placental isoform I is present in placenta only. CD39 can hydrolyze both nucleoside triphosphates and diphosphates. It is the dominant ecto nucleotidase of vascular and placental trophoblastic tissues and appears to modulate the functional expression of type 2 purinergic (P2) G protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). CD39 transgenic mice exhibit impaired platelet aggregation, prolonged bleeding times, and resistance to systemic thromboembolism. There is a correlation between ATP hydrolysis and triglycerides in patients with chronic heart disease, suggesting a relationship between ATP diphosphohydrolase and thrombogenesis. In the nervous system, CD39 could hydrolyze ATP and other nucleotides to regulate purinergic neurotransmission.
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TMPY-06935 | FGF-21 Protein, Human, Recombinant | Human | E. coli | ||
Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is a member of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family. FGF family members possess broad mitogenic and cell survival activities and are involved in a variety of biological processes including embryonic development, cell growth, morphogenesis, tissue repair, tumor growth and invasion. FGF-21 has a hydrophobic amino terminus, which is a typical signal sequence, and appears to be a secreted protein. The metabolic regulator fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) has antidiabetic properties in animal models of diabetes and obesity. FGF21 is a novel adipokine associated with obesity-related metabolic complications in humans. The paradoxical increase of serum FGF21 in obese individuals, which may be explained by a compensatory response or resistance to FGF21, warrants further investigation. FGF-21, which we have identified as a novel metabolic factor, exhibits the therapeutic characteristics necessary for an effective treatment of diabetes.
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TMPY-00907 | RBP4 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | HEK293 | ||
Retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) is the specific carrier for retinol (also known as vitamin A), and is responsible for the conversion of unstable and insoluble retinol in aqueous solution into stable and soluble complex in plasma through their tight interaction. As a member of the lipocalin superfamily, RBP4 containing a β-barrel structure with a well-defined cavity is secreted from the liver, and in turn delivers retinol from the liver stores to the peripheral tissues. In plasma, the RBP4-retinol complex interacts with transthyretin (TTR), and this binding is crucial for preventing RBP4 excretion through the kidney glomeruli. RBP4 expressed from an ectopic source efficiently delivers retinol to the eyes, and its deficiency affects night vision largely. Recently, RBP4 as an adipokine, is found to be expressed in adipose tissue and correlated with obesity, insulin resistance (IR) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM).
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TMPY-02412 | ENO1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | E. coli | ||
The ENO1 gene encodes a multifunctional enzyme that has been identified as a key component of the glycolytic pathway. ENO1 overexpression and post-translational modifications could be of diagnostic and prognostic value in many cancer types. The results of the ENO1 expression profiling of ovarian follicles suggest that ENO1 may play an important dual role in the progress of follicular development, where ENO1 acts as a glycolytic enzyme and also mediates apoptosis. ENO1 overexpression could make the primary culture follicle granulosa cells in vitro improve progesterone secretion. The over-expression of ENO1 protein can enhance the abilities of proliferation and migration in gastric cancer cells of AGS, which indicates that ENO1 may be an important potential tumor-marker associated with the development of gastric cancer. ENO1 and GPI can be used as markers of human sperm freezability before starting the cryopreservation procedure. The inhibition of ENO1 expression may be a novel strategy for therapy for NHLs patients, and it may be a target for drug resistance.
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TMPY-00566 | CCL18 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | Yeast | ||
CCL18 is a chemotactic cytokine involved in the pathogenesis and progression of various disorders, including cancer. Proof showed high levels of CCL18 in the serum of epithelial ovarian carcinoma patients suggesting its potential as a circulating biomarker. CCL18 chemokine has an important role in chemokine-mediated tumor metastasis, and may serve as a potential predictor for poor survival outcomes for ovarian cancer. (CCL18) is predominantly secreted by M2-tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) and promotes malignant behaviors of various human cancer types. CCL18 has a correlation with cardiac function in patients with AAMI and it might be considered as an indicator of poor LVEF in patients with AAMI. Circulating and WAT-secreted CCL18 correlates with insulin resistance and metabolic risk score. Because CCL18 is macrophage-specific and associates with adipose immune gene expression, it may constitute a marker of WAT inflammation. Macrophages are thought to be the main source of CCL18, and the effect of pirfenidone, an anti-fibrotic agent for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, on the expression of CCL18 in macrophages warrants investigation.
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TMPY-01725 | Leptin Receptor Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | HEK293 | ||
Leptin Receptor or CD295 belongs to the gp130 family of cytokine receptors that are known to stimulate gene transcription via activation of cytosolic STAT proteins. This protein is a receptor for leptin (an adipocyte-specific hormone that regulates body weight) and is involved in the regulation of fat metabolism, as well as in a novel hematopoietic pathway that is required for normal lymphopoiesis. Leptin Receptor/CD295 is transmembrane catalytic receptors found on NPY/AgRP and alpha-MSH/CART neurons in hypothalamic nuclei. Leptin receptors (Ob-Rs) are coded for by one human gene that produces six different isoforms; Ob-Ra - Ob-Rf. Ob-Rs exist as constitutive dimers at physiological expression levels. Only the Ob-Rb isoform can transduce intracellular signals and does so through activation of the JAK2/STAT3, PI 3-K, and MAPK signaling cascades. Activation of Ob-Rs mediates transcriptional regulation of the hypothalamic melanocortin pathway and downregulates endocannabinoid expression. Leptin acts via leptin receptors. Leptin resistance has been proposed as a pathophysiological mechanism of obesity. In obese individuals, Ob-Ra (which is involved in the active transport of leptin across the blood-brain barrier) expression is downregulated and the individual may be unresponsive to leptin signals. Ob-R antagonists are of great interest in the development of pharmacological treatments for obesity. Mutations in the Leptin Receptor/CD295 have been associated with obesity and pituitary dysfunction.
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TMPY-01474 | PAI-1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | HEK293 | ||
Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1, also known as PAI-1, Endothelial plasminogen activator inhibitor, SerpinE1 and PLANH1, is a secreted glycoprotein that belongs to the serpin family. SerpinE1 is the primary physiological inhibitor of the two plasminogen activators urokinase (uPA) and tissue plasminogen activator (tPA). Its rapid interaction with TPA may function as a major control point in the regulation of fibrinolysis. Defects in SerpinE1 are the cause of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 deficiency (PAI-1 deficiency) which is characterized by abnormal bleeding due to SerpinE1 defect in the plasma. High concentrations of SerpinE1 have been associated with thrombophilia which is an autosomal dominant disorder in which affected individuals are prone to develop serious spontaneous thrombosis. Studies of PAI-1 have contributed significantly to the elucidation of the protease inhibitory mechanism of serpins, which is based on a metastable native state becoming stabilised by insertion of the RCL into the central beta-sheet A and formation of covalent complexes with target proteases. Greater expression of PAI-1 has been associated with increased survival of cells and resistance to apoptosis. PAI-1 appears to influence apoptosis by decreasing cell adhesion (anoikis) as well as its effect on intracellular signaling. PAI-1, in its active state, also binds to the extracellular protein vitronectin. When in complex with its target proteases, it binds with high affinity to endocytosis receptors of the low density receptor family. The mechanisms of PAI-1 overexpression during obesity are complex, and it is conceivable that several inducers are involved at the same time at several sites of synthesis. PAI-1 is also implicated in adipose tissue development. It suggests that PAI-1 inhibitors serve in the control of atherothrombosis.
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TMPH-00009 | OGT Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & SUMO) | Human | E. coli | ||
Catalyzes the transfer of a single N-acetylglucosamine from UDP-GlcNAc to a serine or threonine residue in cytoplasmic and nuclear proteins resulting in their modification with a beta-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc). Glycosylates a large and diverse number of proteins including histone H2B, AKT1, EZH2, PFKL, KMT2E/MLL5, MAPT/TAU and HCFC1. Can regulate their cellular processes via cross-talk between glycosylation and phosphorylation or by affecting proteolytic processing. Probably by glycosylating KMT2E/MLL5, stabilizes KMT2E/MLL5 by preventing its ubiquitination. Involved in insulin resistance in muscle and adipocyte cells via glycosylating insulin signaling components and inhibiting the 'Thr-308' phosphorylation of AKT1, enhancing IRS1 phosphorylation and attenuating insulin signaling. Involved in glycolysis regulation by mediating glycosylation of 6-phosphofructokinase PFKL, inhibiting its activity. Component of a THAP1/THAP3-HCFC1-OGT complex that is required for the regulation of the transcriptional activity of RRM1. Plays a key role in chromatin structure by mediating O-GlcNAcylation of 'Ser-112' of histone H2B: recruited to CpG-rich transcription start sites of active genes via its interaction with TET proteins (TET1, TET2 or TET3). As part of the NSL complex indirectly involved in acetylation of nucleosomal histone H4 on several lysine residues. O-GlcNAcylation of 'Ser-75' of EZH2 increases its stability, and facilitating the formation of H3K27me3 by the PRC2/EED-EZH2 complex. Regulates circadian oscillation of the clock genes and glucose homeostasis in the liver. Stabilizes clock proteins ARNTL/BMAL1 and CLOCK through O-glycosylation, which prevents their ubiquitination and subsequent degradation. Promotes the CLOCK-ARNTL/BMAL1-mediated transcription of genes in the negative loop of the circadian clock such as PER1/2 and CRY1/2. O-glycosylates HCFC1 and regulates its proteolytic processing and transcriptional activity. Regulates mitochondrial motility in neurons by mediating glycosylation of TRAK1. Glycosylates HOXA1. O-glycosylates FNIP1.; the mitochondrial isoform (mOGT) is cytotoxic and triggers apoptosis in several cell types including INS1, an insulinoma cell line.
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TMPH-02373 | Metallo-beta-lactamase type 2 Protein, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Recombinant (His) | Klebsiella pneumoniae | E. coli | ||
Confers resistance to the different beta-lactams antibiotics (penicillin, cephalosporin and carbapenem) via the hydrolysis of the beta-lactam ring. Does not confer resistance to the polymixin colistin or the fluoroquinolone ciprofloxacin.
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TMPH-00774 | SAM22 Protein, Glycine max, Recombinant (His) | Glycine max | Yeast | ||
Involved in disease resistance.
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TMPH-00737 | TetR2 Protein, E. coli, Recombinant (His & SUMO) | E. coli | E. coli | ||
TetR is the repressor of the tetracycline resistance element; its N-terminal region forms a helix-turn-helix structure and binds DNA. Binding of tetracycline to TetR reduces the repressor affinity for the tetracycline resistance gene (tetA) promoter operator sites.
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TMPH-00738 | TetR5 Protein, E. coli, Recombinant (His) | E. coli | E. coli | ||
TetR is the repressor of the tetracycline resistance element; its N-terminal region forms a helix-turn-helix structure and binds DNA. Binding of tetracycline to TetR reduces the repressor affinity for the tetracycline resistance gene (tetA) promoter operator sites.
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TMPH-00753 | UspD Protein, E. coli, Recombinant (His) | E. coli | E. coli | ||
Required for resistance to DNA-damaging agents.
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TMPH-03717 | YopE Protein, Yersinia enterocolitica, Recombinant (His) | Yersinia enterocolitica | in vitro E. coli expression system | ||
Essential virulence determinant; cytotoxic effector, involved in resistance to phagocytosis.
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TMPH-03072 | MPK5 Protein, Japonica rice, Recombinant (His & Myc) | Rice | E. coli | ||
Involved in disease resistance and abiotic stress tolerance signaling pathways. Acts as a positive regulator of drought, salt and cold tolerance. Negatively modulates pathogenesis-related (PR) gene expression and broad-spectrum disease resistance. Functions downstream of CPK18 in a signaling pathway that represses defense gene expression and negatively regulates resistance to rice blast fungus. Phosphorylated by CPK18 at Thr-14 and Thr-32 and activated independently of MAP kinase kinase (MKK) phosphorylation.
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TMPH-03473 | UspA Protein, Salmonella typhi, Recombinant (His) | Salmonella typhi | E. coli | ||
Required for resistance to DNA-damaging agents.
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TMPH-03488 | Metallo-beta-lactamase type 2 Protein, Serratia marcescens, Recombinant (His & Myc) | Serratia marcescens | E. coli | ||
Confers resistance to the different beta-lactams antibiotics (penicillin, cephalosporin and carbapenem) via the hydrolysis of the beta-lactam ring.
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TMPH-00585 | Beta-lactamase CTX-M-1 Protein, E. coli, Recombinant (Yeast, His) | E. coli | Yeast | ||
Broad spectrum beta-lactamase which confers resistance to penicillins, as well as first, second and third-generation cephalosporins.
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TMPH-02371 | SHV-5 Protein, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Recombinant (His & Myc) | Klebsiella pneumoniae | E. coli | ||
SHV enzymes hydrolyze broad spectrum cephalosporins notably cefotaxime and ceftazidime. SHV-5 causes particularly high levels of resistance to aztreonam and ceftazidime.
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TMPH-03520 | ACP Protein, S. aureus, Recombinant (His & SUMO) | Staphylococcus aureus | E. coli | ||
Carrier of the growing fatty acid chain in fatty acid biosynthesis. Is able to confer high methicillin resistance to S.aureus when overproduced.
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TMPH-01847 | Parathymosin Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & Myc) | Human | E. coli | ||
Parathymosin may mediate immune function by blocking the effect of prothymosin alpha which confers resistance to certain opportunistic infections.
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TMPH-03518 | ACP Protein, S. aureus, Recombinant (GST) | Staphylococcus aureus | E. coli | ||
Carrier of the growing fatty acid chain in fatty acid biosynthesis. Is able to confer high methicillin resistance to S.aureus when overproduced.
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TMPH-00584 | Beta-lactamase CTX-M-1 Protein, E. coli, Recombinant (His) | E. coli | E. coli | ||
Broad spectrum beta-lactamase which confers resistance to penicillins, as well as first, second and third-generation cephalosporins.
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TMPH-03519 | ACP Protein, S. aureus, Recombinant (His) | Staphylococcus aureus | Yeast | ||
Carrier of the growing fatty acid chain in fatty acid biosynthesis. Is able to confer high methicillin resistance to S.aureus when overproduced.
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TMPH-00586 | Beta-lactamase TEM Protein, E. coli, Recombinant (His) | E. coli | Yeast | ||
TEM-type are the most prevalent beta-lactamases in enterobacteria; they hydrolyze the beta-lactam bond in susceptible beta-lactam antibiotics, thus conferring resistance to penicillins and cephalosporins. TEM-3 and TEM-4 are capable of hydrolyzing cefotaxime and ceftazidime. TEM-5 is capable of hydrolyzing ceftazidime. TEM-6 is capable of hydrolyzing ceftazidime and aztreonam. TEM-8/CAZ-2, TEM-16/CAZ-7 and TEM-24/CAZ-6 are markedly active against ceftazidime. IRT-4 shows resistance to beta-lactamase inhibitors.
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TMPH-00587 | Beta-lactamase TEM Protein, E. coli, Recombinant (His & SUMO) | E. coli | E. coli | ||
TEM-type are the most prevalent beta-lactamases in enterobacteria; they hydrolyze the beta-lactam bond in susceptible beta-lactam antibiotics, thus conferring resistance to penicillins and cephalosporins. TEM-3 and TEM-4 are capable of hydrolyzing cefotaxime and ceftazidime. TEM-5 is capable of hydrolyzing ceftazidime. TEM-6 is capable of hydrolyzing ceftazidime and aztreonam. TEM-8/CAZ-2, TEM-16/CAZ-7 and TEM-24/CAZ-6 are markedly active against ceftazidime. IRT-4 shows resistance to beta-lactamase inhibitors.
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TMPH-00714 | SapA Protein, E. coli, Recombinant (His & Myc) | E. coli | E. coli | ||
Not part of a putrescine export system. Very similar to a S.typhimurium protein implicated in antimicrobial peptide resistance, but the SapBCDF operon in E.coli is implicated in putrescine export.
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TMPH-02462 | HMf-1 Protein, Methanothermus fervidus, Recombinant (His & Myc) | Methanothermus fervidus | E. coli | ||
Binds and compacts DNA (95 to 150 base pairs) to form nucleosome-like structures that contain positive DNA supercoils. Increases the resistance of DNA to thermal denaturation.
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TMPH-02463 | HMf-2 Protein, Methanothermus fervidus, Recombinant (His) | Methanothermus fervidus | E. coli | ||
Binds and compacts DNA (95 to 150 base pairs) to form nucleosome-like structures that contain positive DNA supercoils. Increases the resistance of DNA to thermal denaturation in vitro.
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TMPH-00036 | Polyphenol oxidase 2 Protein, Agaricus bisporus, Recombinant (His & Myc) | Agaricus bisporus | E. coli | ||
Copper-containing oxidase that catalyzes both the o-hydroxylation of monophenols and the subsequent oxidation of the resulting o-diphenols into reactive o-quinones, which evolve spontaneously to produce intermediates, which associate in dark brown pigments. Involved in the initial step of melanin synthesis. Melanins constitute a mechanism of defense and resistance to stress such as UV radiations, free radicals, gamma rays, dehydratation and extreme temperatures, and contribute to the fungal cell-wall resistance against hydrolytic enzymes in avoiding cellular lysis. Fungal pigments are also involved in the formation and stability of spores.
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TMPH-00035 | Polyphenol oxidase 2 Protein, Agaricus bisporus, Recombinant (His) | Agaricus bisporus | Baculovirus | ||
Copper-containing oxidase that catalyzes both the o-hydroxylation of monophenols and the subsequent oxidation of the resulting o-diphenols into reactive o-quinones, which evolve spontaneously to produce intermediates, which associate in dark brown pigments. Involved in the initial step of melanin synthesis. Melanins constitute a mechanism of defense and resistance to stress such as UV radiations, free radicals, gamma rays, dehydratation and extreme temperatures, and contribute to the fungal cell-wall resistance against hydrolytic enzymes in avoiding cellular lysis. Fungal pigments are also involved in the formation and stability of spores.
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TMPH-03571 | WalK Protein, S. aureus, Recombinant (His & Myc) | Staphylococcus aureus | E. coli | ||
Member of the two-component regulatory system WalK/WalR that regulates genes involved in cell wall metabolism, virulence regulation, biofilm production, oxidative stress resistance and antibiotic resistance via direct or indirect regulation of autolysins. Functions as a sensor protein kinase which is autophosphorylated at a histidine residue in the dimerization domain and transfers its phosphate group to the conserved aspartic acid residue in the regulatory domain of WalR. In turn, WalR binds to the upstream promoter regions of the target genes to positively and negatively regulate their expression.
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TMPH-02379 | arnT Protein, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Recombinant (His) | Klebsiella pneumoniae | E. coli | ||
Catalyzes the transfer of the L-Ara4N moiety of the glycolipid undecaprenyl phosphate-alpha-L-Ara4N to lipid A. The modified arabinose is attached to lipid A and is required for resistance to polymyxin and cationic antimicrobial peptides.
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TMPY-03049 | GALNT10 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | HEK293 | ||
Ectopic expression and knockdown studies showed that GALNT10 indeed promotes proliferation and apoptosis resistance of hepatoma cells in a glycosyltransferase-dependent manner. The genetic variants on LEKR1 and GALNT10 genes have been associated with control of adiposity and weight.
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