目录号 | 产品详情 | 靶点 | |
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T0181 | Glucocorticoid Receptor Antibacterial Antibiotic | ||
Loteprednol etabonate (Lotemax) 是具有抗炎活性的皮质类固醇,用于眼科。 | |||
T3461 | RAAS | ||
Losartan Carboxylic Acid (E-3174) 是 Losartan 的活性羧酸代谢产物,是血管紧张素Ⅱ受体 1 型(AT1)拮抗剂。它能够阻断血管紧张素 II 诱导的血管平滑肌细胞反应,可以提高血浆肾素活性,降低平均动脉压。 | |||
TP1144L | CRFR | ||
Corticotropin-releasing factor (human) acetate 刺激垂体前叶合成和分泌促肾上腺皮质激素。 | |||
TP1022 | Thyroid hormone receptor(THR) Endogenous Metabolite | ||
Protirelin Acetate (TRH Acetate) 是高度保守的神经肽,具有促甲状腺激素水平的激素控制作用,及神经调节的能力。 | |||
TP1648L | Others | ||
[Gln8]-C517 (LH-RH), chicken acetate(47922-48-5 free base) 是一种鸟类下丘脑肽,可刺激垂体前叶释放促性腺激素,从而调节生殖功能。 | |||
TP1155L | GHSR | ||
Human growth hormone-releasing factor acetate 是一种下丘脑多肽,通过与垂体前叶细胞上的 GHRH 受体 (GHRHR) 结合来刺激 GH 的产生和释放。 | |||
T3316 | Glucocorticoid Receptor | ||
Fluorometholone (Fluoromethalone) 是合成糖皮质激素,具有抗炎和抗过敏作用。它可用作糖皮质激素受体激动剂,能够用于干眼症的研究。 | |||
TP1238L | Adrenergic Receptor | ||
ACTH 1-14 acetate(25696-21-3 free base) (Adrenocorticotropic Hormone Fragment 1-14 acetate) 是促肾上腺皮质激素的片段,可调节皮质醇和雄激素的产生。促肾上腺皮质激素 (ACTH),也称为促肾上腺皮质激素,由垂体前叶产生和分泌。作为对生物应激的反应,ACTH 是下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴的重要组成部分。 | |||
T3630 | GNRH Receptor | ||
Relugolix (RVT-601) 是口服有活性的非肽性促性腺激素释放激素的拮抗剂。同 TAK-013 相比,它对人和猴子的受体具有高亲和力和强拮抗活性,它们的 IC50值分别为0.33 nM 和0.32 nM。它可用于研究性激素依赖性疾病,如子宫肌瘤、子宫内膜异位症、前列腺癌等。 | |||
T37111 | |||
Human CRF acetate is a chemical compound that effectively stimulates the synthesis and secretion of adrenocorticotropin in the anterior pituitary. |
目录号 | 产品名/同用名 | 种属 | 表达系统 | ||
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TMPJ-01233 | AGR3 Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His) | Mouse | Human Cells | ||
Anterior gradient protein 3 (AGR3) is an 18 kDa member of the AGR family of proteins. It is expressed in the ciliated cells of the airway epithelium, not detected in the mucous cells. Mature human AGR3 shares 92% amino acid sequence identity with mouse AGR3. It is required for calcium-mediated regulation of ciliary beat frequency and mucociliary clearance in the airway. AGR3 might be involved in the regulation of intracellular calcium in tracheal epithelial cells.
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TMPY-04205 | AGR3 Protein, Human, Recombinant (mFc) | Human | HEK293 | ||
Anterior gradient protein (AGR) 3 is a highly related homologue of pro-oncogenic AGR2 and belongs to the family of protein disulfide isomerases. AGR3 was found in breast, ovary, prostate, and liver cancer, it is associated with the level of differentiation, slowly proliferating tumors, and more favorable prognosis of breast cancer patients. AGR3 is a specialized member of the PDI family that plays an unexpected role in the regulation of CBF and mucociliary clearance in the airway. AGR3 had been characterised as a novel potential biomarker both for breast cancer prognosis and early breast cancer detection from blood.
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TMPK-00698 | AGR2 Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His) | Mouse | E. coli | ||
Anterior gradient homolog 2 (AGR2) is a functional protein with critical roles in a diverse range of biological systems, including vertebrate tissue development, inflammatory tissue injury responses, and cancer progression.
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TMPJ-00050 | AG-3 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | Human Cells | ||
Anterior Gradient Protein 2(AG-2) and Anterior Gradient Protein 3 (AG-3) are human homologues of genes involved in differentiation, are associated with oestrogen receptor-positive breast tumours and interact with metastasis gene C4.4a and dystroglycan (hAG-3 protein). AG-3 could serve as a prognostic marker for survival in patients with low grade and high grade serous ovarian carcinomas.
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TMPJ-00056 | AG-2 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | Human Cells | ||
Anterior Gradient 2 (AGR2) is an 18-21 kDa member of the PDI family of enzymes. AGR2 is widely expressed in secretory cells, such as small intestine goblet, prostate epithelium, enteroendocrine cells, and multiple carcinoma cell types. AGR2 forms transient disulfide linkages with molecules destined for secretion, possibly aiding protein folding. Expression of AGR2 shows a positive correlation with expression of estrogen receptor in breast carcinoma and a negative correlation with expression of EGF receptor. Mature human AGR2 is 155 amino acids (aa) in length (aa 21 - 175). Cys81 is presumed to participate in intermolecular bond formation. Over aa 21 - 175, human AGR2 shares 94% aa identity with mouse AGR2.
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TMPY-03345 | Sonic Hedgehog Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His) | Mouse | HEK293 | ||
Sonic HedgeHog, also known as sonic hedgehog protein, belongs to the hedgehog family. It cannot be detected in adult tissues while can be found in fetal intestine, liver, lung, and kidney. Sonic HedgeHog is a protein that is vital in guiding the early embryo. It has been associated as the major inductive signal in patterning of the ventral neural tube, the anterior-posterior limb axis, and the ventral somites. Sonic HedgeHog intercellular signal is essential for a various patterning events during development: signal produced by the notochord that induces ventral cell fate in the neural tube and somites, and the polarizing signal for patterning of the anterior-posterior axis of the developing limb bud. Sonic HedgeHog binds to the patched receptor, which functions in association with smoothened, to activate the transcription of target genes. In the absence of sonic HedgeHog, patched receptor represses the constitutive signaling activity of smoothened. Sonic HedgeHog also regulates another factor, the gli oncogene. Defects in sonic hedgehog can cause microphthalmia isolated with coloboma type 5, triphalangeal thumb-polysyndactyly syndrome and holoprosencephaly type 3.
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TMPY-01413 | Cripto Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | HEK293 | ||
Cripto/TDGF1 is a member of the epidermal growth factor (EGF)- Cripto, Frl-1, and Cryptic (CFC) family. EGF-CFC family member proteins share a variant EGF-like motif, a conserved cysteine-rich domain, and a C-terminal hydrophobic region. Before gastrulation, Cripto is asymmetrically expressed in a proximal–distal gradient in the epiblast, and subsequently is expressed in the primitive streak and newly formed embryonic mesoderm. These proteins play key roles in intercellular signaling pathways during vertebrate embryogenesis. Mutations in Cripto/TDGF1 can cause autosomal visceral heterotaxy. Cripto/TDGF1 is involved in left-right asymmetric morphogenesis during organ development. Cripto signalling is essential for the conversion of a proximal–distal asymmetry into an orthogonal anterior–posterior axis. The mechanism of inhibitory effects of the Cripto includes both cancer cell apoptosis, activation of c-Jun-NH(2)-terminal kinase and p38 kinase signaling pathways and blocking of Akt phosphorylation. Thus, Cripto is a unique target, and Immunohistochemistry to Cripto could be of therapeutic value for human cancers.
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TMPJ-00713 | GDF-11 Protein, Human, Recombinant | Human | Human Cells | ||
Growth/differentiation factor 11(GDF-11) is a secreted protein, which belongs to the transforming growth factor beta superfamily. GDF-11 controls anterior-posterior patterning by regulating the expression of Hox genes. The secreted signal acts globally to specify positional identity along the anterior/posterior axis during development. GDF11 has been shown to suppress neurogenesis through a pathway similar to that of myostatin, including stopping the progenitor cell-cycle during G-phase. The similarities between GDF11 and myostatin imply a likelihood that the same regulatory mechanisms are used to control tissue size during both muscular and neural development.
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TMPJ-00716 | Cerberus 1/CER1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (HEK293, His) | Human | Human Cells | ||
Cerberus 1 is a secreted glycoprotein that forms disulfide-linked homodimers. It is a cytokine member of the DAN domain family of BMP antagonists that includes DAN (DAND1), Gremlin/Drm (DAND2), PRDC (Protein Related to Dan and Cerberus, DAND3), and COCO/Dante (DAND5). DAN family members contain a cysteine knot domain that is homologous to that found in other TGF-beta superfamily ligands. At the onset of gastrulation, Cerberus 1 is transiently expressed in anterior endodermal structures in response to Nodal and Shh. Cerberus 1 binds BMP-4 and Nodal and inhibits their activities. The inhibitory functions of Cerberus favor mesodermal development in the anterior region of the gastrula and suppresses posterior mesodermal differentiation. In chick and Xenopus, Cerberus 1 also regulates, but is not required for embryonic left-right polarization, neurulation, and head and heart induction.
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TMPH-01275 | ZNRF3 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | HEK293 | ||
Secreted signal that acts globally to regulate anterior/posterior axial patterning during development. May play critical roles in patterning both mesodermal and neural tissues. It is required for proper vertebral patterning and orofacial development. Signals through activin receptors type-2, ACVR2A and ACVR2B, and activin receptors type-1, ACVR1B, ACVR1C and TGFBR1 leading to the phosphorylation of SMAD2 and SMAD3.
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TMPK-01020 | FSHB Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (hFc) | Mouse | HEK293 | ||
Fertility is dependent on follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), a product of gonadotrope cells of the anterior pituitary gland. Hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and intra-pituitary activins are regarded as the primary drivers of FSH synthesis and secretion. Both stimulate expression of the FSH beta subunit gene (Fshb), although the underlying mechanisms of GnRH action are poorly described relative to those of the activins.
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TMPK-01285 | FSHB Protein, Cynomolgus, Recombinant (His) | Cynomolgus | HEK293 | ||
Fertility is dependent on follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), a product of gonadotrope cells of the anterior pituitary gland. Hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and intra-pituitary activins are regarded as the primary drivers of FSH synthesis and secretion. Both stimulate expression of the FSH beta subunit gene (Fshb), although the underlying mechanisms of GnRH action are poorly described relative to those of the activins.
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TMPH-02320 | ZC3H7B Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & Myc) | Human | E. coli | ||
Seems to antagonize the function of BMP4 by binding to it and preventing its interaction with receptors. Alters the fate commitment of neural stem cells from gliogenesis to neurogenesis. Contributes to neuronal differentiation of neural stem cells in the brain by preventing the adoption of a glial fate. May play a crucial role in dorsoventral axis formation. Antagonizes the function of BMP7 and may thus play an important role in the embryonic bone formation. Shows no inhibitory effect on the inducing activity of BMP2. Plays a role during anterior segment eye development.
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TMPY-02832 | Sonic Hedgehog Protein, Human, Recombinant (aa 198-462, His) | Human | HEK293 | ||
Sonic HedgeHog, also known as sonic hedgehog protein, belongs to the hedgehog family. It cannot be detected in adult tissues while can be found in fetal intestine, liver, lung, and kidney. Sonic HedgeHog is a protein that is vital in guiding the early embryo. It has been associated as the major inductive signal in patterning of the ventral neural tube, the anterior-posterior limb axis, and the ventral somites. Sonic HedgeHog intercellular signal is essential for a various patterning events during development: signal produced by the notochord that induces ventral cell fate in the neural tube and somites, and the polarizing signal for patterning of the anterior-posterior axis of the developing limb bud. Sonic HedgeHog binds to the patched receptor, which functions in association with smoothened, to activate the transcription of target genes. In the absence of sonic HedgeHog, patched receptor represses the constitutive signaling activity of smoothened. Sonic HedgeHog also regulates another factor, the gli oncogene. Defects in sonic hedgehog can cause microphthalmia isolated with coloboma type 5, triphalangeal thumb-polysyndactyly syndrome and holoprosencephaly type 3.
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TMPY-04751 | VRK1 Protein, Human, Recombinant | Human | Baculovirus-Insect Cells | ||
VRK1 is a member of the vaccinia-related kinase (VRK) family of serine/threonine protein kinases. Serine/threonine protein kinases are tumor suppressor that controls the activity of AMP-activated protein kinase family members, thereby playing a role in various processes such as cell metabolism, cell polarity, apoptosis and DNA damage response. VRK1 contains 1 protein kinase domain and localizes to the nucleus. VRK1 gene is widely expressed in human tissues and has increased expression in actively dividing cells, such as those in testis, thymus, fetal liver, and carcinomas. As a serine/threonine kinase, VRK1 phosphorylates 'Thr-18' of p53/TP53 and may thereby prevent the interaction between p53/TP53 and MDM2. Defects in VRK1 are the cause of pontocerebellar hypoplasia type 1 (PCH1), also called pontocerebellar hypoplasia with infantile spinal muscular atrophy or pontocerebellar hypoplasia with anterior horn cell disease. PCH1 is characterized by an abnormally small cerebellum and brainstem, central and peripheral motor dysfunction from birth, gliosis and anterior horn cell degeneration resembling infantile spinal muscular atrophy.
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TMPY-02905 | Sonic Hedgehog Protein, Human, Recombinant (aa 1-197, His) | Human | HEK293 | ||
Sonic HedgeHog, also known as sonic hedgehog protein, belongs to the hedgehog family. It cannot be detected in adult tissues while can be found in fetal intestine, liver, lung, and kidney. Sonic HedgeHog is a protein that is vital in guiding the early embryo. It has been associated as the major inductive signal in patterning of the ventral neural tube, the anterior-posterior limb axis, and the ventral somites. Sonic HedgeHog intercellular signal is essential for a various patterning events during development: signal produced by the notochord that induces ventral cell fate in the neural tube and somites, and the polarizing signal for patterning of the anterior-posterior axis of the developing limb bud. Sonic HedgeHog binds to the patched receptor, which functions in association with smoothened, to activate the transcription of target genes. In the absence of sonic HedgeHog, patched receptor represses the constitutive signaling activity of smoothened. Sonic HedgeHog also regulates another factor, the gli oncogene. Defects in sonic hedgehog can cause microphthalmia isolated with coloboma type 5, triphalangeal thumb-polysyndactyly syndrome and holoprosencephaly type 3.
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TMPY-02488 | HOXA1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | E. coli | ||
Homeobox protein Hox-A1 is a transcription factor encoded by the HOXA1 gene. This gene is one of the four types of homeobox genes each of which contains a homeobox DNA sequence that codes for the homeodomain, a region of 60 amino acids responsible for the DNA binding exhibited by these homeobox proteins. These Homeobox genes are essential metazoan genes as they determine the identity of embryonic regions along the anterior-posterior axis. The homeobox protein Hox-A1 may be involved in the placement of hindbrain segments in the proper location along the anterior-posterior axis during development. Early in its development, the vertebrate hindbrain is transiently subdivided into a series of compartments called rhombomeres. Genes have been identified whose expression patterns distinguish these cellular compartments. Two of these genes, Hoxa1 and Hoxa2, are required for proper patterning of the early mouse hindbrain and the associated neural crest. It has been detected HOXA1 expression in a variety of human breast cancer lesions, suggesting that HOXA1 may be required for the establishment of breast cancer cell phenotype.
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TMPY-04560 | VRK1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & GST) | Human | Baculovirus-Insect Cells | ||
VRK1 is a member of the vaccinia-related kinase (VRK) family of serine/threonine protein kinases. Serine/threonine protein kinases are tumor suppressor that controls the activity of AMP-activated protein kinase family members, thereby playing a role in various processes such as cell metabolism, cell polarity, apoptosis and DNA damage response. VRK1 contains 1 protein kinase domain and localizes to the nucleus. VRK1 gene is widely expressed in human tissues and has increased expression in actively dividing cells, such as those in testis, thymus, fetal liver, and carcinomas. As a serine/threonine kinase, VRK1 phosphorylates 'Thr-18' of p53/TP53 and may thereby prevent the interaction between p53/TP53 and MDM2. Defects in VRK1 are the cause of pontocerebellar hypoplasia type 1 (PCH1), also called pontocerebellar hypoplasia with infantile spinal muscular atrophy or pontocerebellar hypoplasia with anterior horn cell disease. PCH1 is characterized by an abnormally small cerebellum and brainstem, central and peripheral motor dysfunction from birth, gliosis and anterior horn cell degeneration resembling infantile spinal muscular atrophy.
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TMPJ-00356 | GHR/Growth Hormone R Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (hFc) | Mouse | Human Cells | ||
Growth hormone receptor is a transmembrane receptor for growth hormone (GH). GH is a single-chain polypeptide that is mainly synthesized and released from the anterior pituitary gland and plays essential roles in growth, development and metabolism. GH exerts its physiological actions via GH binding to its receptor in its extracellular domain. Binding of growth hormone to the receptor leads to receptor dimerization and the activation of an intra- and intercellular signal transduction pathway leading to growth. Growth hormone receptor has been shown to interact with SGTA, PTPN11, Janus kinase 2, Suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 and CISH.
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TMPY-02769 | RNASET2 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | Baculovirus-Insect Cells | ||
RNASET2 (ribonuclease T2) is an enzyme that belongs to the RNase T2 family. It is highly expressed in the temporal lobe and fetal brain. RNASET2 gene is a novel member of the Rh/T2/S-glycoprotein class of extracellular ribonucleases. It is a single copy gene that maps to 6q27, a region associated with human malignancies and chromosomal rearrangement. Defects in RNASET2 are the cause of leukoencephalopathy cystic without megalencephaly. An infantile-onset syndrome of cerebral leukoencephalopathy. Affected newborns develop microcephaly and neurologic abnormalities including psychomotor impairment, seizures and sensorineural hearing impairment. The brain shows multifocal white matter lesions, anterior temporal lobe subcortical cysts, pericystic abnormal myelination, ventriculomegaly and intracranial calcifications.
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TMPY-03812 | GPHA2 Protein, Human, Recombinant (mFc) | Human | HEK293 | ||
GPHA2 is a member of the glycoprotein hormones subunit alpha family. Glycoprotein hormones consist of two subunits, the common alpha- and specific beta-subunits, which associate noncovalently to form a heterodimer. The alpha-subunit combines with four distinct beta-subunits giving rise to four biologically active hormones in the human: FSH, LH, TSH, and CG. GPHA2 and glycoprotein hormone beta 5 (GPHB5) can form a noncovalent heterodimer. GPHA2 can be detected in a variety of tissues. Recombinant A2/B5 heterodimeric glycoproteins activate human TSH receptors, but not LH and FSH receptors, and shows high affinity to TSH receptors in a radioligand receptor assay. The heterodimer also stimulates cAMP production and thymidine incorporation by cultured thyroid cells and increases serum thyroxine levels in TSH-suppressed rats in vivo. This new heterodimeric glycoprotein hormone was named Thyrostimulin based on its thyroid-stimulating activity. The expression of Thyrostimulin in the anterior pituitary known to express TSH receptors suggested a paracrine mechanism.
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TMPY-02256 | Follistatin Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | HEK293 | ||
Follistatin is a single-chain gonadal protein that specifically inhibits follicle-stimulating hormone release. The single FST gene encodes two isoforms, FST317 and FST344 containing 317 and 344 amino acids respectively, resulting from alternative splicing of the precursor mRNA. In a study in which 37 candidate genes were tested for linkage and association with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) or hyperandrogenemia in 150 families, evidence was found for linkage between PCOS and follistatin. follistatin are expressed and subserve local regulatory roles in numerous extragonadal tissues, including brain, adrenal, bone marrow, and placenta but perhaps most notably in anterior pituitary-the classical target tissue for inhibin, the activin-follistatin system may play a key role in early embryogenesis. Follistatin binds directly to activin and functions as an activin antagonist. Specific inhibitor of the biosynthesis and secretion of pituitary follicle stimulating hormone follistatin is a binding protein to activin. Since activin binds to follistatin, it is imperative to determine the nature of the activin/follistatin binding complex.
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TMPY-03908 | Cripto Protein, Rat, Recombinant (His) | Rat | HEK293 | ||
Cripto/TDGF1 is a member of the epidermal growth factor (EGF)- Cripto, Frl-1, and Cryptic (CFC) family. EGF-CFC family member proteins share a variant EGF-like motif, a conserved cysteine-rich domain, and a C-terminal hydrophobic region. Before gastrulation, Cripto is asymmetrically expressed in a proximal–distal gradient in the epiblast, and subsequently is expressed in the primitive streak and newly formed embryonic mesoderm. These proteins play key roles in intercellular signaling pathways during vertebrate embryogenesis. Mutations in Cripto/TDGF1 can cause autosomal visceral heterotaxy. Cripto/TDGF1 is involved in left-right asymmetric morphogenesis during organ development. Cripto signalling is essential for the conversion of a proximal–distal asymmetry into an orthogonal anterior–posterior axis. The mechanism of inhibitory effects of the Cripto includes both cancer cell apoptosis, activation of c-Jun-NH(2)-terminal kinase and p38 kinase signaling pathways and blocking of Akt phosphorylation. Thus, Cripto is a unique target, and Immunohistochemistry to Cripto could be of therapeutic value for human cancers.
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TMPY-02628 | Neuroserpin Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His) | Mouse | HEK293 | ||
Neuroserpin, also known as Protease inhibitor 12 and SERPINI1, is a secreted protein that belongs to the serpin family. Neuroserpin is a serine protease inhibitor that inhibits plasminogen activators and plasmin but not thrombin. Serine protease inhibitors of the serpin superfamily are involved in many cellular processes. Neuroserpin was first identified as a protein secreted from the axons of dorsal root ganglion neurons. Neuroserpin is predominantly expressed in the brain, and is expressed in the late stages of neurogenesis during the process of synapse formation. Overexpression of neuroserpin in an anterior pituitary corticotroph cell line results in the extension of neurite-like processes, suggesting that neuroserpin may play a role in cell communication, cell adhesion, and/or cell migration. Neuroserpin may be involved in the formation or reorganization of synaptic connections, as well as synaptic plasticity in the adult nervous system. Neuroserpin may also protect neurons from cell damage by tissue-type plasminogen activator. Defects of neuroserpin are the cause of familial encephalopathy with neuroserpin inclusion bodies (FEN1B).
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TMPY-01241 | Neuroserpin Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | HEK293 | ||
Neuroserpin, also known as Protease inhibitor 12 and SERPINI1, is a secreted protein that belongs to the serpin family. Neuroserpin is a serine protease inhibitor that inhibits plasminogen activators and plasmin but not thrombin. Serine protease inhibitors of the serpin superfamily are involved in many cellular processes. Neuroserpin was first identified as a protein secreted from the axons of dorsal root ganglion neurons. Neuroserpin is predominantly expressed in the brain, and is expressed in the late stages of neurogenesis during the process of synapse formation. Overexpression of neuroserpin in an anterior pituitary corticotroph cell line results in the extension of neurite-like processes, suggesting that neuroserpin may play a role in cell communication, cell adhesion, and/or cell migration. Neuroserpin may be involved in the formation or reorganization of synaptic connections, as well as synaptic plasticity in the adult nervous system. Neuroserpin may also protect neurons from cell damage by tissue-type plasminogen activator. Defects of neuroserpin are the cause of familial encephalopathy with neuroserpin inclusion bodies (FEN1B).
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TMPJ-00738 | PRL Protein, Human, Recombinant | Human | E. coli | ||
Prolactin (PRL) is a secreted neuroendocrine pituitary hormone that acts primarily on the mammary gland to promote lactation, but has pleiotropic effects in both males and females. Non-glycosylated prolactin is produced by the pituitary and packaged in storage granules before secretion, while glycosylated prolactin is reported to be constitutively secreted, have lower biological potency, and be removed from the circulation more quickly. Prolactin is synthesized mainly by the anterior pituitary in all mammals, where secretion is under tonic inhibition by hypothalamic dopamine. In humans, prolactin is also produced peripherally. Prolactin expression is low during early human pregnancy, but increases in late pregnancy. The prolactin receptor (PRLR) is a transmembrane type I glycoprotein that belongs to the cytokine hematopoietic receptor family. prolactin molecule is thought to bind two receptor molecules. In addition to its lactogenic activity, peripherally produced prolactin plays roles in breast and prostate cancer development, regulation of reproductive function, and immunoregulation.
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TMPJ-00739 | PRL Protein, Sheep, Recombinant (His) | Sheep | Human Cells | ||
Prolactin (PRL) is a secreted neuroendocrine pituitary hormone that acts primarily on the mammary gland to promote lactation, but has pleiotropic effects in both males and females. Non-glycosylated prolactin is produced by the pituitary and packaged in storage granules before secretion, while glycosylated prolactin is reported to be constitutively secreted, have lower biological potency, and be removed from the circulation more quickly. Prolactin is synthesized mainly by the anterior pituitary in all mammals, where secretion is under tonic inhibition by hypothalamic dopamine. In humans, prolactin is also produced peripherally. Prolactin expression is low during early human pregnancy, but increases in late pregnancy. The prolactin receptor (PRLR) is a transmembrane type I glycoprotein that belongs to the cytokine hematopoietic receptor family. prolactin molecule is thought to bind two receptor molecules. In addition to its lactogenic activity, peripherally produced prolactin plays roles in breast and prostate cancer development, regulation of reproductive function, and immunoregulation.
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TMPY-01875 | SCGN Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | E. coli | ||
Secretagogin, also known as SCGN, is a secreted protein that is detectable in human serum after ischemic neuronal damage. It is a recently described calcium-binding protein. Secretagogin / SCGN is expressed at high levels in the pancreatic islets of Langerhans and to a much lesser extent in the gastrointestinal tract (stomach, small intestine and colon), the adrenal medulla and cortex and the thyroid C-cells. In the brain, the expression of Secretagogin / SCGN is restricted to distinct subtypes of neurons with highest expression in the molecular layer of the cerebellum (stellate and basket cells), in the anterior part of the pituitary gland, in the thalamus, in the hypothalamus and in a subgroup of neocortical neurons. Secretagogin / SCGN is widely expressed in prostatic adenocarcinoma as opposed to adenocarcinomas in other organs. The function of Secretagogin / SCGN is unknown, but it has been suggested in beta-cells to influence calcium-influx and has been observed downregulated in diabetes-prone BB rat islets exposed to cytokines. Secretagogin / SCGN is involved in the calcium metabolism of tumour cells and endothelial cells in a subset of neoplasms of the brain and its coverings. Secretagogin / SCGN is also a novel marker for neuroendocrine differentiation.
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TMPY-02359 | Follistatin Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His) | Mouse | HEK293 | ||
Follistatin is a single-chain gonadal protein that specifically inhibits follicle-stimulating hormone release. The single FST gene encodes two isoforms, FST317 and FST344 containing 317 and 344 amino acids respectively, resulting from alternative splicing of the precursor mRNA. In a study in which 37 candidate genes were tested for linkage and association with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) or hyperandrogenemia in 150 families, evidence was found for linkage between PCOS and follistatin. follistatin are expressed and subserve local regulatory roles in numerous extragonadal tissues, including brain, adrenal, bone marrow, and placenta but perhaps most notably in anterior pituitary-the classical target tissue for inhibin, the activin-follistatin system may play a key role in early embryogenesis. Follistatin binds directly to activin and functions as an activin antagonist. Specific inhibitor of the biosynthesis and secretion of pituitary follicle stimulating hormone follistatin is a binding protein to activin. Since activin binds to follistatin, it is imperative to determine the nature of the activin/follistatin binding complex.
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TMPY-02212 | Follistatin Protein, Human, Recombinant (hFc) | Human | HEK293 | ||
Follistatin is a single-chain gonadal protein that specifically inhibits follicle-stimulating hormone release. The single FST gene encodes two isoforms, FST317 and FST344 containing 317 and 344 amino acids respectively, resulting from alternative splicing of the precursor mRNA. In a study in which 37 candidate genes were tested for linkage and association with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) or hyperandrogenemia in 150 families, evidence was found for linkage between PCOS and follistatin. follistatin are expressed and subserve local regulatory roles in numerous extragonadal tissues, including brain, adrenal, bone marrow, and placenta but perhaps most notably in anterior pituitary-the classical target tissue for inhibin, the activin-follistatin system may play a key role in early embryogenesis. Follistatin binds directly to activin and functions as an activin antagonist. Specific inhibitor of the biosynthesis and secretion of pituitary follicle stimulating hormone follistatin is a binding protein to activin. Since activin binds to follistatin, it is imperative to determine the nature of the activin/follistatin binding complex.
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TMPY-02679 | Cripto Protein, Rat, Recombinant (hFc) | Rat | HEK293 | ||
Cripto/TDGF1 is a member of the epidermal growth factor (EGF)- Cripto, Frl-1, and Cryptic (CFC) family. EGF-CFC family member proteins share a variant EGF-like motif, a conserved cysteine-rich domain, and a C-terminal hydrophobic region. Before gastrulation, Cripto is asymmetrically expressed in a proximal–distal gradient in the epiblast, and subsequently is expressed in the primitive streak and newly formed embryonic mesoderm. These proteins play key roles in intercellular signaling pathways during vertebrate embryogenesis. Mutations in Cripto/TDGF1 can cause autosomal visceral heterotaxy. Cripto/TDGF1 is involved in left-right asymmetric morphogenesis during organ development. Cripto signalling is essential for the conversion of a proximal–distal asymmetry into an orthogonal anterior–posterior axis. The mechanism of inhibitory effects of the Cripto includes both cancer cell apoptosis, activation of c-Jun-NH(2)-terminal kinase and p38 kinase signaling pathways and blocking of Akt phosphorylation. Thus, Cripto is a unique target, and Immunohistochemistry to Cripto could be of therapeutic value for human cancers.
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TMPY-03784 | GPHA2 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | HEK293 | ||
GPHA2 is a member of the glycoprotein hormones subunit alpha family. Glycoprotein hormones consist of two subunits, the common alpha- and specific beta-subunits, which associate noncovalently to form a heterodimer. The alpha-subunit combines with four distinct beta-subunits giving rise to four biologically active hormones in the human: FSH, LH, TSH, and CG. GPHA2 and glycoprotein hormone beta 5 (GPHB5) can form a noncovalent heterodimer. GPHA2 can be detected in a variety of tissues. Recombinant A2/B5 heterodimeric glycoproteins activate human TSH receptors, but not LH and FSH receptors, and shows high affinity to TSH receptors in a radioligand receptor assay. The heterodimer also stimulates cAMP production and thymidine incorporation by cultured thyroid cells and increases serum thyroxine levels in TSH-suppressed rats in vivo. This new heterodimeric glycoprotein hormone was named Thyrostimulin based on its thyroid-stimulating activity. The expression of Thyrostimulin in the anterior pituitary known to express TSH receptors suggested a paracrine mechanism.
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TMPY-03368 | Follistatin Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (hFc) | Mouse | CHO | ||
Follistatin is a single-chain gonadal protein that specifically inhibits follicle-stimulating hormone release. The single FST gene encodes two isoforms, FST317 and FST344 containing 317 and 344 amino acids respectively, resulting from alternative splicing of the precursor mRNA. In a study in which 37 candidate genes were tested for linkage and association with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) or hyperandrogenemia in 150 families, evidence was found for linkage between PCOS and follistatin. follistatin are expressed and subserve local regulatory roles in numerous extragonadal tissues, including brain, adrenal, bone marrow, and placenta but perhaps most notably in anterior pituitary-the classical target tissue for inhibin, the activin-follistatin system may play a key role in early embryogenesis. Follistatin binds directly to activin and functions as an activin antagonist. Specific inhibitor of the biosynthesis and secretion of pituitary follicle stimulating hormone follistatin is a binding protein to activin. Since activin binds to follistatin, it is imperative to determine the nature of the activin/follistatin binding complex.
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TMPY-05503 | Cripto Protein, Human, Recombinant (hFc) | Human | HEK293 | ||
Cripto/TDGF1 is a member of the epidermal growth factor (EGF)- Cripto, Frl-1, and Cryptic (CFC) family. EGF-CFC family member proteins share a variant EGF-like motif, a conserved cysteine-rich domain, and a C-terminal hydrophobic region. Before gastrulation, Cripto is asymmetrically expressed in a proximal–distal gradient in the epiblast, and subsequently is expressed in the primitive streak and newly formed embryonic mesoderm. These proteins play key roles in intercellular signaling pathways during vertebrate embryogenesis. Mutations in Cripto/TDGF1 can cause autosomal visceral heterotaxy. Cripto/TDGF1 is involved in left-right asymmetric morphogenesis during organ development. Cripto signalling is essential for the conversion of a proximal–distal asymmetry into an orthogonal anterior–posterior axis. The mechanism of inhibitory effects of the Cripto includes both cancer cell apoptosis, activation of c-Jun-NH(2)-terminal kinase and p38 kinase signaling pathways and blocking of Akt phosphorylation. Thus, Cripto is a unique target, and Immunohistochemistry to Cripto could be of therapeutic value for human cancers.
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TMPY-02248 | Myocilin Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | HEK293 | ||
Myocilin, also known as Trabecular meshwork-induced glucocorticoid response protein, MYOC, and GLC1A, is a protein that contains one olfactomedin-like domain. Myocilin / MYOC may participate in the obstruction of fluid outflow in the trabecular meshwork. Myocilin / MYOC is expressed in large amounts in various types of muscle, ciliary body, papillary sphincter, skeletal muscle, heart, and other tissues. Myocilin / MYOC is expressed predominantly in the retina. In normal eyes, it is found in the inner uveal meshwork region and the anterior portion of the meshwork. In contrast, in many glaucomatous eyes, it is found in more regions of the meshwork and appeared more intensively than in normal eyes, regardless of the type of clinical severity of glaucoma. Defects in Myocilin / MYOC may contribute to primary congenital glaucoma type 3A (GLC3A). Defects in MYOC may also contribute to this phenotype via digenic inheritance. GLC3A is an autosomal recessive form of primary congenital glaucoma (PCG). PCG is characterized by a marked increase of intraocular pressure at birth or early childhood, large ocular globes (buphthalmos), and corneal edema.
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TMPH-02661 | Frataxin/FXN Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (E. coli, His) | Mouse | E. coli | ||
Contributes to various developmental events and other processes such as wound healing and cholesterol homeostasis through its interactions with multiple signaling pathways. Wnt signaling inhibitor which competes with WNT2B for binding to Wnt receptor FZD4 and represses WNT2B-dependent development of the peripheral eye. Plays a role in regulating the hair cycle by controlling TGFB1 signaling. Required for the development of the anterior commissure in the brain by inhibiting neurite outgrowth. Essential for terminal differentiation of hippocampal neural stem cells. Plays a role in regulating bone elongation and bone mass by modulating growth plate chondrocyte function and overall body size. Required for development of the inner ear through its involvement in stereocilia formation in inner hair cells. Facilitates wound healing by inhibiting secretion of TGFB1 from macrophages which prevents myofibroblast differentiation, maintaining inflammatory cell quiescence. Plays a role in cholesterol homeostasis by reducing circulating high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, lowering cholesterol efflux capacity and decreasing cholesterol-to-bile acid conversion in the liver. In one study, shown to negatively regulate sympathetic innervation in brown fat, leading to reduced energy expenditure. In another study, shown not to affect brown fat thermogenic capacity, body weight gain or glucose homeostasis.
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TMPY-02840 | Ubiquitin Activating Enzyme E1/UBA1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & GST) | Human | Baculovirus-Insect Cells | ||
UBE1, also known as UBA1, belongs to the ubiquitin-activating E1 family. UBE1 gene complements an X-linked mouse temperature-sensitive defect in DNA synthesis, and thus may function in DNA repair. It is part of a gene cluster on chromosome Xp11.23. UBE1 catalyzes the first step in ubiquitin conjugation to mark cellular proteins for degradation. It also catalyzes the first step in ubiquitin conjugation to mark cellular proteins for degradation by first adenylating its C-terminal glycine residue with ATP, and thereafter linking this residue to the side chain of a cysteine residue in E1, yielding a ubiquitin-E1 thioester and free AMP. Defects in UBA1 can cause spinal muscular atrophy X-linked type 2 (SMAX2), also known as X-linked lethal infantile spinal muscular atrophy, distal X-linked arthrogryposis multiplex congenita or X-linked arthrogryposis type 1 (AMCX1). Spinal muscular atrophy refers to a group of neuromuscular disorders characterized by degeneration of the anterior horn cells of the spinal cord, leading to symmetrical muscle weakness and atrophy. SMAX2 is a lethal infantile form presenting with hypotonia, areflexia, and multiple congenital contractures.
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