目录号 | 产品详情 | 靶点 | |
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T11372 | Autophagy | ||
GC7 Sulfate 是 deoxyhypusine synthase(DHS)有效抑制剂。真核翻译起始因子5A2 (eIF5A2)是DHS 已知的底物,因此GC7通过抑制DHS 活性来抑制eIF5A2的激活。 | |||
T5188 | SARS-CoV | ||
GC376 sodium 是一种 3C 样蛋白酶 (3CLpro) 抑制剂,IC50 值范围为 0.49~4.35 μM。 | |||
T24086 | |||
GC 10284 is an agent of pesticide. | |||
T76681 | TGF-beta/Smad | ||
Fresolimumab (GC1008) 是一种具有特异性的人抗转化生长因子 β单克隆抗体,可与人 TGFβ1、TGFβ2 和 TGFβ3 的活性形式结合,可用于研究成人局灶节段性肾小球硬化和癌症。 | |||
T11376 | Others | ||
GC 14 is a selective thyroid hormone receptor antagonist, with IC50 values of 200 nM and 35 nM for hTRα and hTRβ, respectively. | |||
T71877 | |||
GC-204 is a selective inhibitor of carbonic anhydrase ix (caix) | |||
T69734 | |||
Org GC 94 is a serotonin antagonist; anti-migraine. | |||
T3828 | Others | ||
(-)-Gallocatechin ((−)-GC) 是一种 (-)-Epigallocatechin (EGC) 的差向异构体,常存在于各种茶产品中,具有抗氧化特性。 | |||
T5313 | Thyroid hormone receptor(THR) | ||
Sobetirome (IACS-010759) 是一种甲状腺激素受体 β (TRβ) 激动剂,能够选择性的结合到TRβ-1(EC50:0.16 μM)。 | |||
TN6906 | |||
1-Pentadecene [Standard Material for GC] is a natural product. |
目录号 | 产品名/同用名 | 种属 | 表达系统 | ||
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TMPY-00857 | IL-2RG Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His & hFc) | Mouse | HEK293 | ||
The common gamma chain (γc) (or CD132), also known as interleukin-2 receptor subunit gamma or IL2RG, is a member of the type I cytokine receptor family expressed on most lymphocyte (white blood cell) populations, and its gene is found on the X-chromosome of mammals. The common gamma chain (γc) (or IL2RG), is a cytokine receptor subunit that is common to the receptor complexes for at least six different interleukin receptors: IL-2, IL-4, IL-7, IL-9, IL-15, and the interleukin-21 receptor. It is a component of multiple cytokine receptors that are essential for lymphocyte development and function. X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency (X-SCID) is a rare and potentially fatal disease caused by mutations of IL2RG, the gene encoding IL2RG. IL2RG was demonstrated to be a component of the IL-4 receptor based on chemical cross-linking data, the ability of IL2RG to augment IL-4 binding affinity. The observation that IL-2R gamma is a functional component of the IL-4 receptor, together with the finding that IL-2R gamma associates with the IL-7 receptor, begins to elucidate why a deficiency of this common gamma chain (gamma c) has a profound effect on lymphoid function and development, as seen in X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency.
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TMPJ-00759 | VDB Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | Human Cells | ||
Vitamin D-Binding Protein (DBP) is a member of the ALB/AFP/VDB family. DBP is a secreted protein and contains three albumin domains. The primary structure contains 28 cysteine residues forming multiple disulfide bonds. DBP acts as a multifunctional protein found in plasma, ascitic fluid, cerebrospinal fluid, and urine and on the surface of many cell types. DBP binds to vitamin D and its plasma metabolites and transports them to target tissues. DBP associates with membrane-bound immunoglobulin on the surface of B-lymphocytes and with IgG Fc receptor on the membranes of T-lymphocytes.
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TMPY-06507 | IL-2RG Protein, Mouse, Recombinant(aa 1-263, hFc) | Mouse | HEK293 | ||
The common gamma chain (γc) (or CD132), also known as interleukin-2 receptor subunit gamma or IL2RG, is a member of the type I cytokine receptor family expressed on most lymphocyte (white blood cell) populations, and its gene is found on the X-chromosome of mammals. The common gamma chain (γc) (or IL2RG), is a cytokine receptor subunit that is common to the receptor complexes for at least six different interleukin receptors: IL-2, IL-4, IL-7, IL-9, IL-15, and the interleukin-21 receptor. It is a component of multiple cytokine receptors that are essential for lymphocyte development and function. X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency (X-SCID) is a rare and potentially fatal disease caused by mutations of IL2RG, the gene encoding IL2RG. IL2RG was demonstrated to be a component of the IL-4 receptor based on chemical cross-linking data, the ability of IL2RG to augment IL-4 binding affinity. The observation that IL-2R gamma is a functional component of the IL-4 receptor, together with the finding that IL-2R gamma associates with the IL-7 receptor, begins to elucidate why a deficiency of this common gamma chain (gamma c) has a profound effect on lymphoid function and development, as seen in X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency.
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TMPY-01837 | IL-2RG Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His) | Mouse | HEK293 | ||
The common gamma chain (γc) (or CD132), also known as interleukin-2 receptor subunit gamma or IL2RG, is a member of the type I cytokine receptor family expressed on most lymphocyte (white blood cell) populations, and its gene is found on the X-chromosome of mammals. The common gamma chain (γc) (or IL2RG), is a cytokine receptor subunit that is common to the receptor complexes for at least six different interleukin receptors: IL-2, IL-4, IL-7, IL-9, IL-15, and the interleukin-21 receptor. It is a component of multiple cytokine receptors that are essential for lymphocyte development and function. X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency (X-SCID) is a rare and potentially fatal disease caused by mutations of IL2RG, the gene encoding IL2RG. IL2RG was demonstrated to be a component of the IL-4 receptor based on chemical cross-linking data, the ability of IL2RG to augment IL-4 binding affinity. The observation that IL-2R gamma is a functional component of the IL-4 receptor, together with the finding that IL-2R gamma associates with the IL-7 receptor, begins to elucidate why a deficiency of this common gamma chain (gamma c) has a profound effect on lymphoid function and development, as seen in X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency.
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TMPK-00990 | GUCY2C Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His & Avi) | Mouse | HEK293 | ||
Guanylyl cyclase C (GUCY2C) has canonical centrality in defense of key intestinal homeostatic mechanisms, encompassing fluid and electrolyte balance, epithelial dynamics, antitumorigenesis, and intestinal barrier function. GUCY2C may represent a new target for anti-obesity pharmacotherapy.
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TMPJ-00911 | GUCY2C Protein, Human, Recombinant (hFc) | Human | Human Cells | ||
GUCY2C (Guanylyl Cyclase C), also known as heat-stable enterotoxin receptor, is a type I transmembrane protein of the guanylate cyclase (gc) family. GUCY2C cell surface expression is confined to luminal surfaces of the intestinal epithelium and a subset of hypothalamic neurons. The inaccessibility of GUCY2C in the apical membranes of polarized epithelial tissue, due to subcellular restriction of GUCY2C, creates a therapeutic opportunity to target metastatic lesions of colorectal origin which have lost apicalbasolateral polarization without concomitant intestinal toxicity. And that CAR-T cells targeting murine GUCY2C were effective against colorectal cancer metastatic to lung in the absence of intestinal toxicities. Human GUCY2C-targeted CAR that could potentially be employed in patients with GUCY2C-expressing gastrointestinal malignancies.
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TMPJ-00910 | GUCY2C Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & Avi), Biotinylated | Human | Human Cells | ||
GUCY2C (Guanylyl Cyclase C), also known as heat-stable enterotoxin receptor, is a type I transmembrane protein of the guanylate cyclase (gc) family. GUCY2C cell surface expression is confined to luminal surfaces of the intestinal epithelium and a subset of hypothalamic neurons. The inaccessibility of GUCY2C in the apical membranes of polarized epithelial tissue, due to subcellular restriction of GUCY2C, creates a therapeutic opportunity to target metastatic lesions of colorectal origin which have lost apicalbasolateral polarization without concomitant intestinal toxicity. And that CAR-T cells targeting murine GUCY2C were effective against colorectal cancer metastatic to lung in the absence of intestinal toxicities. Human GUCY2C-targeted CAR that could potentially be employed in patients with GUCY2C-expressing gastrointestinal malignancies.
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TMPK-01388 | GUCY2C Protein, Canine, Recombinant (aa 21-430, His) | Canine | HEK293 | ||
Guanylyl cyclase C (GUCY2C) has canonical centrality in defense of key intestinal homeostatic mechanisms, encompassing fluid and electrolyte balance, epithelial dynamics, antitumorigenesis, and intestinal barrier function. GUCY2C may represent a new target for anti-obesity pharmacotherapy.
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TMPK-00991 | GUCY2C Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His & Avi), Biotinylated | Mouse | HEK293 | ||
Guanylyl cyclase C (GUCY2C) has canonical centrality in defense of key intestinal homeostatic mechanisms, encompassing fluid and electrolyte balance, epithelial dynamics, antitumorigenesis, and intestinal barrier function. GUCY2C may represent a new target for anti-obesity pharmacotherapy.
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TMPY-06886 | HSV 2 (strain 333) Glycoprotein C/gC Protein (His) | HSV2 | HEK293 | ||
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TMPK-00856 | GUCY2C Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & Avi) | Human | HEK293 | ||
Guanylyl cyclase C (GUCY2C) has canonical centrality in defense of key intestinal homeostatic mechanisms, encompassing fluid and electrolyte balance, epithelial dynamics, antitumorigenesis, and intestinal barrier function. GUCY2C may represent a new target for anti-obesity pharmacotherapy.
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TMPK-01279 | GUCY2C Protein, Cynomolgus, Recombinant (aa 24-430, His) | Cynomolgus | HEK293 | ||
Guanylyl cyclase C (GUCY2C) has canonical centrality in defense of key intestinal homeostatic mechanisms, encompassing fluid and electrolyte balance, epithelial dynamics, antitumorigenesis, and intestinal barrier function. GUCY2C may represent a new target for anti-obesity pharmacotherapy.
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TMPY-01416 | OLFM4 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | HEK293 | ||
Olfactomedin-4, also known as G-CSF-stimulated clone 1 protein, Antiapoptotic protein GW112, and OLFM4, is a secreted protein that contains one olfactomedin-like domain. The OLFM4 gene was recently reported to inhibit various apoptotic pathways and promote the proliferation of cancer cells, suggesting that OLFM4 might serve as a diagnostic marker for human cancers. Thus, OLFM4 mRNA might be a useful tool to support the diagnosis of cancer, irrespective of the clinical stages. It is overexpressed in some human tumor types, especially in those of the digestive system. GW112 is associated with GRIM-19, a protein known to be involved in regulating cellular apoptosis. Functionally, GW112 could significantly attenuate the ability of GRIM19 to mediate retinoic acid-IFN-beta-mediated cellular apoptosis and apoptosis-related gene expression. Also, GW112 demonstrated strong antiapoptotic effects in tumor cells treated with other stress exposures such as hydrogen peroxide. Finally, forced overexpression of GW112 in murine prostate tumor cells led to more rapid tumor formation in a syngeneic host. OLFM4 is an important regulator of cell death that plays important roles in tumor cell survival and tumor growth. As a candidate gene for cancer-specific expression. The serum olfactomedin 4 (OLFM4) is a useful marker for Gastric cancer (GC) and its measurement alone or in combination with Reg IV has utility in the early detection of GC. GW112 has an antiapoptotic property against the cytotoxic agents-induced apoptosis. It suggested that GW112 could be an important mediator in NF kappaB-dependent tumorigenesis of digestive tract tissues.
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TMPY-03443 | NDRG1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | E. coli | ||
NDRG1 gene is a member of the N-Myc downregulated gene family which belongs to the alpha/beta hydrolase superfamily. NDRG1 is a cytoplasmic protein involved in stress responses, hormone responses, cell growth, and differentiation. NDRG1 is necessary for p53-mediated caspase activation and apoptosis. Mutations in the NDRG1 gene are a cause of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4D, and expression of this gene may be a prognostic indicator for several types of cancer. NDRG1 is a stress-responsive protein involved in hormone responses, cell growth, and differentiation. It acts as a tumor suppressor in many cell types.
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TMPJ-01288 | KLF6 Protein, Human, Recombinant | Human | E. coli | ||
Krueppel-Like Factor 6 (KLF6) belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family. KLF6 contains three C2H2-type zinc fingers and localizes in the nucleus. KLF6 expression is highest in the placenta followed by spleen, thymus, prostate, testis, small intestinem and colon. However, it is weakly expressed in the pancreas, lung, liver, heart, and skeletal muscle. KLF6 functions as a transcriptional activator and could play a role in B-cell growth and development. Defects in KLF6 will result in gastric cancer and prostate cancer.
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TMPY-03235 | BST2 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | HEK293 | ||
BST2 was frequently overexpressed in GC tissues compared with the adjacent non-tumorous tissues, and high BST2 expression was correlated with tumor stage and lymphatic metastasis. Furthermore, in vitro experiments demonstrated that knockdown of BST2 by siRNA inhibited cell proliferation, induced apoptosis and repressed cell motility in GC cells. In addition, the pro-tumor function of BST2 in GC was mediated partly through the NF-κB signaling. BST2 possesses the oncogenic potential in GC by regulating the proliferation, apoptosis, and migratory ability of GC cells, thereby BST2 could be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of GC. IFN (interferon)-induced BST2 recruits the E3 ubiquitin ligase MARCH8 to catalyze the K27-linked ubiquitination of MAVS for CALCOCO2-directed autophagic degradation, hence inhibiting DDX58-mediated type I interferon signaling through a negative feedback loop. BST2 is a host protein with dual functions in response to viral infections: it traps newly assembled enveloped virions at the plasma membrane in infected cells, and it induces NF-κB activity, especially in the context of retroviral assembly. BST2 may induce or amplify proinflammatory signaling during Ebola virus infection, potentially contributing to the dysregulated cytokine response that is a hallmark of Ebola virus disease.
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TMPY-03630 | MZB1/PERP1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | HEK293 | ||
MZB1 (Marginal Zone B And B1 Cell Specific Protein, also known as MEDA-7 and pERp1) is a Protein Coding gene. MZB1 is a B-cell-specific and endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-localized protein implicated in antibody secretion and integrin-mediated cell adhesion. MZB1 is important for B cell function as a key regulator of antibody secretion, calcium homeostasis, and adhesion. MZB1 may play a central role in B cell neoplasms and is a potential target for future therapeutic interventions. Low MZB1 expression was an independent prognostic factor for recurrence after curative gastrectomy and was associated significantly with increased hematogenous recurrence. MZB1 acts as a suppressor of gastric cancer (GC). Low MZB1 expression in the primary GC tissue is predictive of recurrence after curative resection.
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TMPY-02509 | Alpha-fetoprotein Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | HEK293 | ||
Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is classified as a member of the albuminoid gene superfamily consisting of albumin, AFP, vitamin D (Gc) protein, and alpha-albumin. AFP is a glycoprotein of 591 amino acids and a carbohydrate moiety. AFP is one of the several embryo-specific proteins and is a dominant serum protein as early in human embryonic life as one month, when albumin and transferrin are present in relatively small amounts. It is first synthesized in the human by the yolk sac and liver(1-2 months) and subsequently predominantly in the liver. A small amount of AFP is produced by the GI tract of the human conceptus. It has been proved that AFP may reappear in the serum in elevated amounts in adult life in association with normal restorative processes and with malignant growth. Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is a specific marker for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), teratoblastomas, and neural tube defect (NTD).Cancer ImmunotherapyImmune CheckpointImmunotherapyTargeted Therapy
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TMPH-00922 | ALPK1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & Myc) | Human | Baculovirus | ||
May be involved in follicular development. Oocyte-specific growth/differentiation factor that stimulates folliculogenesis and granulosa cell (GC) growth.
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TMPY-04742 | BST2 Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His) | Mouse | HEK293 | ||
BST2 was frequently overexpressed in GC tissues compared with the adjacent non-tumorous tissues, and high BST2 expression was correlated with tumor stage and lymphatic metastasis. Furthermore, in vitro experiments demonstrated that knockdown of BST2 by siRNA inhibited cell proliferation, induced apoptosis and repressed cell motility in GC cells. In addition, the pro-tumor function of BST2 in GC was mediated partly through the NF-κB signaling. BST2 possesses the oncogenic potential in GC by regulating the proliferation, apoptosis, and migratory ability of GC cells, thereby BST2 could be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of GC. IFN (interferon)-induced BST2 recruits the E3 ubiquitin ligase MARCH8 to catalyze the K27-linked ubiquitination of MAVS for CALCOCO2-directed autophagic degradation, hence inhibiting DDX58-mediated type I interferon signaling through a negative feedback loop. BST2 is a host protein with dual functions in response to viral infections: it traps newly assembled enveloped virions at the plasma membrane in infected cells, and it induces NF-κB activity, especially in the context of retroviral assembly. BST2 may induce or amplify proinflammatory signaling during Ebola virus infection, potentially contributing to the dysregulated cytokine response that is a hallmark of Ebola virus disease.
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TMPH-02068 | Secretogranin-1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (GST & His) | Human | E. coli | ||
Functions as a GC-rich promoter-specific transactivating transcription factor.
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TMPK-00925 | Noggin/NOG Protein, Mouse, Recombinant | Mouse | HEK293 | ||
Noggin is an antagonist of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP), being indispensable for certain developmental events.Noggin expression positively correlated with EGFR expression in both GC cell line models and The Cancer Genome Atlas human GC cohort. Targeting EGFR and its downstream pathways diminished cell proliferation which was promoted by Noggin. Noggin promotes the proliferation of GC cells by upregulating EGFR and enhancing a vicious circle formed by β‑catenin, EGFR, ERK and Akt.
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TMPK-00926 | Noggin/NOG Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His & Flag) | Mouse | HEK293 | ||
Noggin is an antagonist of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP), being indispensable for certain developmental events.Noggin expression positively correlated with EGFR expression in both GC cell line models and The Cancer Genome Atlas human GC cohort. Targeting EGFR and its downstream pathways diminished cell proliferation which was promoted by Noggin. Noggin promotes the proliferation of GC cells by upregulating EGFR and enhancing a vicious circle formed by β‑catenin, EGFR, ERK and Akt.
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TMPY-02674 | BST2 Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (hFc) | Mouse | HEK293 | ||
BST2 was frequently overexpressed in GC tissues compared with the adjacent non-tumorous tissues, and high BST2 expression was correlated with tumor stage and lymphatic metastasis. Furthermore, in vitro experiments demonstrated that knockdown of BST2 by siRNA inhibited cell proliferation, induced apoptosis and repressed cell motility in GC cells. In addition, the pro-tumor function of BST2 in GC was mediated partly through the NF-κB signaling. BST2 possesses the oncogenic potential in GC by regulating the proliferation, apoptosis, and migratory ability of GC cells, thereby BST2 could be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of GC. IFN (interferon)-induced BST2 recruits the E3 ubiquitin ligase MARCH8 to catalyze the K27-linked ubiquitination of MAVS for CALCOCO2-directed autophagic degradation, hence inhibiting DDX58-mediated type I interferon signaling through a negative feedback loop. BST2 is a host protein with dual functions in response to viral infections: it traps newly assembled enveloped virions at the plasma membrane in infected cells, and it induces NF-κB activity, especially in the context of retroviral assembly. BST2 may induce or amplify proinflammatory signaling during Ebola virus infection, potentially contributing to the dysregulated cytokine response that is a hallmark of Ebola virus disease.
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TMPY-03193 | BST2 Protein, Human, Recombinant (hFc) | Human | HEK293 | ||
BST2 was frequently overexpressed in GC tissues compared with the adjacent non-tumorous tissues, and high BST2 expression was correlated with tumor stage and lymphatic metastasis. Furthermore, in vitro experiments demonstrated that knockdown of BST2 by siRNA inhibited cell proliferation, induced apoptosis and repressed cell motility in GC cells. In addition, the pro-tumor function of BST2 in GC was mediated partly through the NF-κB signaling. BST2 possesses the oncogenic potential in GC by regulating the proliferation, apoptosis, and migratory ability of GC cells, thereby BST2 could be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of GC. IFN (interferon)-induced BST2 recruits the E3 ubiquitin ligase MARCH8 to catalyze the K27-linked ubiquitination of MAVS for CALCOCO2-directed autophagic degradation, hence inhibiting DDX58-mediated type I interferon signaling through a negative feedback loop. BST2 is a host protein with dual functions in response to viral infections: it traps newly assembled enveloped virions at the plasma membrane in infected cells, and it induces NF-κB activity, especially in the context of retroviral assembly. BST2 may induce or amplify proinflammatory signaling during Ebola virus infection, potentially contributing to the dysregulated cytokine response that is a hallmark of Ebola virus disease.
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TMPJ-01456 | Mucin-17/MUC17 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | Human Cells | ||
Mucins are key components of the mucosal barrier in the stomach that protects epithelia from carcinogenic effects of chronic inflammation. Analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas database indicated that mucin17 (MUC17) was more highly expressed in gastric cancer (GC) specimens, with favourable prognosis for patients. And that p38 signalling is a key factor involved in MUC17-mediated inhibition of GC cell proliferation and protection against inflammatory stimulation, MUC17 upregulates the expression of MYH9 and p53, and activates the p38 pathway in GC cells through RhoA signalling.
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TMPH-00911 | GPT Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | E. coli | ||
Transcriptional repressor mainly required for germinal center (GC) formation and antibody affinity maturation which has different mechanisms of action specific to the lineage and biological functions. Forms complexes with different corepressors and histone deacetylases to repress the transcriptional expression of different subsets of target genes. Represses its target genes by binding directly to the DNA sequence 5'-TTCCTAGAA-3' (BCL6-binding site) or indirectly by repressing the transcriptional activity of transcription factors. In GC B-cells, represses genes that function in differentiation, inflammation, apoptosis and cell cycle control, also autoregulates its transcriptional expression and up-regulates, indirectly, the expression of some genes important for GC reactions, such as AICDA, through the repression of microRNAs expression, like miR155. An important function is to allow GC B-cells to proliferate very rapidly in response to T-cell dependent antigens and tolerate the physiological DNA breaks required for immunglobulin class switch recombination and somatic hypermutation without inducing a p53/TP53-dependent apoptotic response. In follicular helper CD4(+) T-cells (T(FH) cells), promotes the expression of T(FH)-related genes but inhibits the differentiation of T(H)1, T(H)2 and T(H)17 cells. Also required for the establishment and maintenance of immunological memory for both T- and B-cells. Suppresses macrophage proliferation through competition with STAT5 for STAT-binding motifs binding on certain target genes, such as CCL2 and CCND2. In response to genotoxic stress, controls cell cycle arrest in GC B-cells in both p53/TP53-dependedent and -independent manners. Besides, also controls neurogenesis through the alteration of the composition of NOTCH-dependent transcriptional complexes at selective NOTCH targets, such as HES5, including the recruitment of the deacetylase SIRT1 and resulting in an epigenetic silencing leading to neuronal differentiation.
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TMPY-03047 | Stathmin 1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | E. coli | ||
Stathmin1 (STMN1) is a cytosolic phosphoprotein that regulates cellular microtubule dynamics and is known to have oncogenic activity. STMN1 is a possible biomarker for paclitaxel sensitivity and poor prognosis in GC and could be a novel therapeutic target in metastatic GC. STMN1 expression might serve as a biomarker for determining patient atypical meningioma prognosis. Stathmin1 (STMN1) is a cytosolic protein involved in microtubule dynamics through inhibition of tubulin polymerization and promotion of microtubule depolymerization, which has been implicated in carcinogenesis and aggressive behavior in multiple epithelial malignancies. Stathmin 1 (STMN1) suppression was reported to reduce cellular viability and migration potential. STMN1 may be a promising candidate for targeted therapies in PDAC.
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TMPH-00910 | Agrin Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | E. coli | ||
Transcriptional repressor mainly required for germinal center (GC) formation and antibody affinity maturation which has different mechanisms of action specific to the lineage and biological functions. Forms complexes with different corepressors and histone deacetylases to repress the transcriptional expression of different subsets of target genes. Represses its target genes by binding directly to the DNA sequence 5'-TTCCTAGAA-3' (BCL6-binding site) or indirectly by repressing the transcriptional activity of transcription factors. In GC B-cells, represses genes that function in differentiation, inflammation, apoptosis and cell cycle control, also autoregulates its transcriptional expression and up-regulates, indirectly, the expression of some genes important for GC reactions, such as AICDA, through the repression of microRNAs expression, like miR155. An important function is to allow GC B-cells to proliferate very rapidly in response to T-cell dependent antigens and tolerate the physiological DNA breaks required for immunglobulin class switch recombination and somatic hypermutation without inducing a p53/TP53-dependent apoptotic response. In follicular helper CD4(+) T-cells (T(FH) cells), promotes the expression of T(FH)-related genes but inhibits the differentiation of T(H)1, T(H)2 and T(H)17 cells. Also required for the establishment and maintenance of immunological memory for both T- and B-cells. Suppresses macrophage proliferation through competition with STAT5 for STAT-binding motifs binding on certain target genes, such as CCL2 and CCND2. In response to genotoxic stress, controls cell cycle arrest in GC B-cells in both p53/TP53-dependedent and -independent manners. Besides, also controls neurogenesis through the alteration of the composition of NOTCH-dependent transcriptional complexes at selective NOTCH targets, such as HES5, including the recruitment of the deacetylase SIRT1 and resulting in an epigenetic silencing leading to neuronal differentiation.
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TMPJ-00260 | Latent TGF-beta 2 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & Avi), Biotinylated | Human | Human Cells | ||
Transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) is a multifunctional cytokine that regulates cell growth, differentiation, adhesion, migration and death dependent on cell type, developmental stage, or tissue conditions. There are three isoforms of TGFβ (TGFβ-1, -2 and -3). TGFB2 could be a potential biomarker for screening, surveillance and prognosis in GC, and that TGFB2 might drive EMT in GC through the NGF/TrKs pathway. Overexpression of TGFB2 may drive EMT through the neuriterelated signaling and affect TMB levels by regulating the DNA damage repair pathways and immune infiltrates.TGF-β2 is an immune suppressor involvedin the development of immune tolerance, and recombinant TGF-β2 incubation is more potent than TGF-β1 or TGF-β3 incubation in suppressing macrophage inflammatory responses.
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TMPY-01119 | MZB1/PERP1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (hFc) | Human | HEK293 | ||
MZB1 (Marginal Zone B And B1 Cell Specific Protein, also known as MEDA-7 and pERp1) is a Protein Coding gene. MZB1 is a B-cell-specific and endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-localized protein implicated in antibody secretion and integrin-mediated cell adhesion. MZB1 is important for B cell function as a key regulator of antibody secretion, calcium homeostasis, and adhesion. MZB1 may play a central role in B cell neoplasms and is a potential target for future therapeutic interventions. Low MZB1 expression was an independent prognostic factor for recurrence after curative gastrectomy and was associated significantly with increased hematogenous recurrence. MZB1 acts as a suppressor of gastric cancer (GC). Low MZB1 expression in the primary GC tissue is predictive of recurrence after curative resection.
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TMPY-00116 | MTH1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | E. coli | ||
NUDT1 (Nudix Hydrolase 1) is a Protein Coding gene. The protein encoded by this gene is an enzyme that hydrolyzes oxidized purine nucleoside triphosphates to monophosphates, thereby preventing misincorporation. The NUDT1 protein is localized mainly in the cytoplasm, with some in the mitochondria, suggesting that it is involved in the sanitization of nucleotide pools both for nuclear and mitochondrial genomes. Cancers can survive the oxidative conditions by upregulating nucleoside diphosphate linked moiety X-type motif 1 (NUDT1). MiR-485-5p acts as a tumor suppressor by targeting NUDT1 in gastric cancer (GC). The miR-485-5p/NUDT1 axis is involved in the processes of cell growth and cell motility and plays a key role in the tumorigenesis of GC.
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TMPJ-00259 | TGF beta 2 Protein, Human, Recombinant (Avi), Biotinylated | Human | Human Cells | ||
Transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) is a multifunctional cytokine that regulates cell growth, differentiation, adhesion, migration and death dependent on cell type, developmental stage, or tissue conditions. There are three isoforms of TGFβ (TGFβ-1, -2 and -3). TGFB2 could be a potential biomarker for screening, surveillance and prognosis in GC, and that TGFB2 might drive EMT in GC through the NGF/TrKs pathway. Overexpression of TGFB2 may drive EMT through the neuriterelated signaling and affect TMB levels by regulating the DNA damage repair pathways and immune infiltrates.TGF-β2 is an immune suppressor involvedin the development of immune tolerance, and recombinant TGF-β2 incubation is more potent than TGF-β1 or TGF-β3 incubation in suppressing macrophage inflammatory responses.
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TMPY-04934 | Serpin A3n Protein, Rat, Recombinant (His) | Rat | HEK293 | ||
Serpina3n may represent a circulating biomarker of muscle atrophy associated with GC and, broadly, a reflection of dynamic changes in muscle mass. Serpina3n blocks endogenous increases in the activity of select skeletal muscle resident proteases during injury or dystrophic disease, which stabilizes the sarcolemma leading to less myofiber degeneration and increased regeneration.
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TMPY-04768 | PRPS2 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | E. coli | ||
PRPS2, a subset of PRS, is reported to be a potential protein associated with Sertoli-cell only syndrome. PRPS2 expression correlates with Sertoli-cell only syndrome and inhibits the apoptosis of TM4 Sertoli cells via the p53/Bcl-2/caspases signaling pathway. The gene for PRS II (PRPS2) is located at a different region of the X chromosome, namely Xpter-a21. The promoter region of the human PRPS2 gene was also GC-rich and contained a TATA-like sequence, four Sp1 binding sites and a homopyrimidine stretch.
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TMPY-05800 | IKB beta/NFKBIB Protein, Human, Recombinant (GST) | Human | E. coli | ||
NFKBIB (NFKB Inhibitor Beta) is a Protein Coding gene. The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the NF-kappa-B inhibitor family, which inhibits NF-kappa-B by complexing with and trapping it in the cytoplasm. Phosphorylation of serine residues on these proteins by kinases marks them for destruction via the ubiquitination pathway, thereby allowing activation of the NF-kappa-B, which translocates to the nucleus to function as a transcription factor. NF-kappaB regulation involves the inhibitor protein NFKBIB, which form complexes with NF-kappaB to sequester it in the cytoplasm. Overexpression of NFKBIB protein in IAV infected cells led to lower levels of IAV. MiR-20a could promote activation of the NFkappaB pathway and downstream targets Livin and Survivin by targeting NFKBIB, which potentially contributed to GC chemoresistance.
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TMPY-05344 | Alpha-fetoprotein Protein, Human, Recombinant (hFc) | Human | HEK293 | ||
Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is classified as a member of the albuminoid gene superfamily consisting of albumin, AFP, vitamin D (Gc) protein, and alpha-albumin. AFP is a glycoprotein of 591 amino acids and a carbohydrate moiety. AFP is one of the several embryo-specific proteins and is a dominant serum protein as early in human embryonic life as one month, when albumin and transferrin are present in relatively small amounts. It is first synthesized in the human by the yolk sac and liver(1-2 months) and subsequently predominantly in the liver. A small amount of AFP is produced by the GI tract of the human conceptus. It has been proved that AFP may reappear in the serum in elevated amounts in adult life in association with normal restorative processes and with malignant growth. Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is a specific marker for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), teratoblastomas, and neural tube defect (NTD).Cancer ImmunotherapyImmune CheckpointImmunotherapyTargeted Therapy
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TMPY-01427 | AACS Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | Baculovirus-Insect Cells | ||
Acetoacetyl-CoA Synthetase (AACS) is a novel cytosolic ketone body (acetoacetate)-specific ligase. The AACS in adipose tissue plays an important role in utilizing ketone body for the fatty acid-synthesis during adipose tissue development. It had been improved that Acetoacetyl-CoA Synthetase is an essential enzyme for the synthesis of fatty acid and cholesterol from ketone bodies, was found to be highly expressed in mouse adipose tissue, and GC box and C/EBPs motif were crucial for AACS promoter activity in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Moreover, AACS promoter activity was controlled mainly by C/EBPalpha during adipogenesis. AACS gene expression is particularly abundant in white adipose tissue, as it is induced during adipocyte differentiation. The human AACS promoter is a PPARgamma target gene and that this nuclear receptor is recruited to the AACS promoter by direct interaction with Sp1 (stimulating protein-1). The Acetoacetyl-CoA Synthetase has important roles in the regulation of ketone body utilization in rat liver and that these hypocholesterolemic agents have the ability to remedy the impaired utilization of ketone bodies under the diabetic condition.
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TMPY-03554 | GCAP1 Protein, Human, Recombinant | Human | Baculovirus-Insect Cells | ||
GCAP 1 gene plays a role in the recovery of retinal photoreceptors from photobleaching. In the recovery phase, the phototransduction messenger cGMP is replenished by retinal guanylyl cyclase-1 (GC1). GC1 is activated by decreasing Ca(2+) concentrations following photobleaching. The protein encoded by this gene, guanylyl cyclase-activating protein 1 (GCAP 1), mediates the sensitivity of GC1 to Ca(2+) concentrations. GCAP 1 promotes the activity of GC1 at low Ca(2+) concentrations and inhibits GC1 activity at high Ca(2+) concentrations. Mutations in GCAP 1 gene cause autosomal dominant cone dystrophy (COD3); a disease characterized by reduced visual acuity associated with progressive loss of color vision. GCAP 1 stimulates guanylyl cyclase 1 (GC1) when free calcium ions concentration is low and inhibits GC1 when free calcium ions concentration is elevated. This Ca(2+)-sensitive regulation of GC is a key event in the recovery of the dark state of rod photoreceptors following light exposure.
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TMPY-03463 | GCAP1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & GST) | Human | Baculovirus-Insect Cells | ||
GCAP 1 gene plays a role in the recovery of retinal photoreceptors from photobleaching. In the recovery phase, the phototransduction messenger cGMP is replenished by retinal guanylyl cyclase-1 (GC1). GC1 is activated by decreasing Ca(2+) concentrations following photobleaching. The protein encoded by this gene, guanylyl cyclase-activating protein 1 (GCAP 1), mediates the sensitivity of GC1 to Ca(2+) concentrations. GCAP 1 promotes the activity of GC1 at low Ca(2+) concentrations and inhibits GC1 activity at high Ca(2+) concentrations. Mutations in GCAP 1 gene cause autosomal dominant cone dystrophy (COD3); a disease characterized by reduced visual acuity associated with progressive loss of color vision. GCAP 1 stimulates guanylyl cyclase 1 (GC1) when free calcium ions concentration is low and inhibits GC1 when free calcium ions concentration is elevated. This Ca(2+)-sensitive regulation of GC is a key event in the recovery of the dark state of rod photoreceptors following light exposure.
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TMPJ-00758 | AFP Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His) | Mouse | Human Cells | ||
Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is classified as a member of the albuminoid gene superfamily consisting of albumin, AFP, vitaminD (Gc) protein, and alpha-albumin. AFP is a major plasma protein produced by the yolk sac and the liver during fetal development. It is thought to be the fetal form of serum albumin. AFP binds to copper, nickel, fatty acids and bilirubin and is found in monomeric, dimeric and trimeric forms. AFP is one of the several embryo-specific proteins and is adominant serum protein as early in human embryonic life as one month, when albumin and transferrin are present in relatively small amounts. It is first synthesized in the human by the yolk sac and liver (1-2 months) and subsequently predominantly in the liver. A small amount of AFP is produced by the GI tract of the human conceptus. It has been proved that AFP may reappear in the serum in elevated amounts in adult life in association with normal restorative processes and with malignnt growth. Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is a specific marker for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), teratoblastomas, and neural tube defect (NTD).
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TMPY-00799 | Fas/CD95 Protein, Human, Recombinant (hFc) | Human | HEK293 | ||
CD95 (APO-1/Fas) is an important inducer of the extrinsic apoptosis signaling pathway and therapy induced apoptosis of many tumor cells has been linked to the activity of CD95. is a prototype death receptor characterized by the presence of an 80 amino acid death domain in its cytoplasmic tail. This domain is essential for the recruitment of a number of signaling components upon activation by either agonistic anti-CD95 antibodies or cognate CD95 ligand that initiate apoptosis. The complex of proteins that forms upon triggering of CD95 is called the death-inducting signaling complex (DISC). The DISC consists of an adaptor protein and initiator caspases and is essential for induction of apoptosis. CD95 is also crucial for the negative selection of B cells within the germinal center (GC). Impairment of CD95-mediated apoptosis results in defective affinity maturation and the persistence of autoreactive B-cell clones. Changes in the expression of CD95 and/or its ligand CD95L are frequently found in human cancer. The downregulation or mutation of CD95 has been proposed as a mechanism by which cancer cells avoid destruction by the immune system through reduced apoptosis sensitivity. Thus, CD95 has therefore been viewed as a tumor suppressor. CD95 has been reported to be involved in the activation of NF-kappaB, MAPK3/ERK1, MAPK8/JNK, and the alternate pathways for CTL-mediated cytotoxicity. Accordingly, this protein is implicated in the pathogenesis of various malignancies and diseases of the immune system. The CD95/CD95L system was implicated in the etiology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) based, primarily, on the finding that CD95 is highly expressed in the intestinal epithelial cells and that epithelial apoptosis is increased in IBD.
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TMPY-04468 | STK16 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & NusA) | Human | E. coli | ||
Serine/threonine-protein kinase 16, also known as myristoylated and palmitoylated serine/threonine-protein kinase, Protein kinase PKL12, TGF-beta-stimulated factor 1, TSF-1, MPSK1 and STK16, is a membrane protein that is ubiquitously expressed at very low levels. STK16 / MPSK1 belongs to the protein kinase superfamily and Ser/Thr protein kinase family. It contains one protein kinase domain. Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) shows a variety of biological activities in various organs or cells. Some factors such as Smads (Sma and Mad proteins) and TGF-beta activating kinase 1 have been characterized as signalling molecules downstream of TGF-beta. Several TGF-beta response elements have been identified such as cAMP response element, Smad binding element, and recognition sites for activating protein-1 and stimulating protein-1 in various gene promoters. STK16 / MPSK1 is a unique factor with two biological functions, transcriptional regulation and protein phosphorylation, that may be involved in TGF-beta signals. STK16 / MPSK1 is a protein kinase that acts on both serine and threonine residues. STK16 / MPSK1 possessed DNA-binding ability and activated the TGF-beta responsive CNP promoter or vascular endothelial growth factor gene promoter which possesses a sequence element analogous to the TGF-beta responsive GC-rich element of the CNP promoter. STK16 / MPSK1 did not directly activate a Smads-dependent promoter from plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 gene, but it showed enhancement in co-operation with Smad3 and Smad4. STK16 / MPSK1 mRNA as well as its protein level were stimulated by TGF-beta treatment.
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TMPY-00632 | Fas/CD95 Protein, Cynomolgus, Recombinant | Cynomolgus | HEK293 | ||
CD95 (APO-1/Fas) is an important inducer of the extrinsic apoptosis signaling pathway and therapy induced apoptosis of many tumor cells has been linked to the activity of CD95. is a prototype death receptor characterized by the presence of an 80 amino acid death domain in its cytoplasmic tail. This domain is essential for the recruitment of a number of signaling components upon activation by either agonistic anti-CD95 antibodies or cognate CD95 ligand that initiate apoptosis. The complex of proteins that forms upon triggering of CD95 is called the death-inducting signaling complex (DISC). The DISC consists of an adaptor protein and initiator caspases and is essential for induction of apoptosis. CD95 is also crucial for the negative selection of B cells within the germinal center (GC). Impairment of CD95-mediated apoptosis results in defective affinity maturation and the persistence of autoreactive B-cell clones. Changes in the expression of CD95 and/or its ligand CD95L are frequently found in human cancer. The downregulation or mutation of CD95 has been proposed as a mechanism by which cancer cells avoid destruction by the immune system through reduced apoptosis sensitivity. Thus, CD95 has therefore been viewed as a tumor suppressor. CD95 has been reported to be involved in the activation of NF-kappaB, MAPK3/ERK1, MAPK8/JNK, and the alternate pathways for CTL-mediated cytotoxicity. Accordingly, this protein is implicated in the pathogenesis of various malignancies and diseases of the immune system. The CD95/CD95L system was implicated in the etiology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) based, primarily, on the finding that CD95 is highly expressed in the intestinal epithelial cells and that epithelial apoptosis is increased in IBD.
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TMPY-01426 | Fas/CD95 Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His) | Mouse | HEK293 | ||
CD95 (APO-1/Fas) is an important inducer of the extrinsic apoptosis signaling pathway and therapy induced apoptosis of many tumor cells has been linked to the activity of CD95. is a prototype death receptor characterized by the presence of an 80 amino acid death domain in its cytoplasmic tail. This domain is essential for the recruitment of a number of signaling components upon activation by either agonistic anti-CD95 antibodies or cognate CD95 ligand that initiate apoptosis. The complex of proteins that forms upon triggering of CD95 is called the death-inducting signaling complex (DISC). The DISC consists of an adaptor protein and initiator caspases and is essential for induction of apoptosis. CD95 is also crucial for the negative selection of B cells within the germinal center (GC). Impairment of CD95-mediated apoptosis results in defective affinity maturation and the persistence of autoreactive B-cell clones. Changes in the expression of CD95 and/or its ligand CD95L are frequently found in human cancer. The downregulation or mutation of CD95 has been proposed as a mechanism by which cancer cells avoid destruction by the immune system through reduced apoptosis sensitivity. Thus, CD95 has therefore been viewed as a tumor suppressor. CD95 has been reported to be involved in the activation of NF-kappaB, MAPK3/ERK1, MAPK8/JNK, and the alternate pathways for CTL-mediated cytotoxicity. Accordingly, this protein is implicated in the pathogenesis of various malignancies and diseases of the immune system. The CD95/CD95L system was implicated in the etiology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) based, primarily, on the finding that CD95 is highly expressed in the intestinal epithelial cells and that epithelial apoptosis is increased in IBD.
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TMPY-01704 | Fas/CD95 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) | Human | HEK293 | ||
CD95 (APO-1/Fas) is an important inducer of the extrinsic apoptosis signaling pathway and therapy induced apoptosis of many tumor cells has been linked to the activity of CD95. is a prototype death receptor characterized by the presence of an 80 amino acid death domain in its cytoplasmic tail. This domain is essential for the recruitment of a number of signaling components upon activation by either agonistic anti-CD95 antibodies or cognate CD95 ligand that initiate apoptosis. The complex of proteins that forms upon triggering of CD95 is called the death-inducting signaling complex (DISC). The DISC consists of an adaptor protein and initiator caspases and is essential for induction of apoptosis. CD95 is also crucial for the negative selection of B cells within the germinal center (GC). Impairment of CD95-mediated apoptosis results in defective affinity maturation and the persistence of autoreactive B-cell clones. Changes in the expression of CD95 and/or its ligand CD95L are frequently found in human cancer. The downregulation or mutation of CD95 has been proposed as a mechanism by which cancer cells avoid destruction by the immune system through reduced apoptosis sensitivity. Thus, CD95 has therefore been viewed as a tumor suppressor. CD95 has been reported to be involved in the activation of NF-kappaB, MAPK3/ERK1, MAPK8/JNK, and the alternate pathways for CTL-mediated cytotoxicity. Accordingly, this protein is implicated in the pathogenesis of various malignancies and diseases of the immune system. The CD95/CD95L system was implicated in the etiology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) based, primarily, on the finding that CD95 is highly expressed in the intestinal epithelial cells and that epithelial apoptosis is increased in IBD.
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TMPY-02057 | Fas/CD95 Protein, Rat, Recombinant (His) | Rat | HEK293 | ||
CD95 (APO-1/Fas) is an important inducer of the extrinsic apoptosis signaling pathway and therapy induced apoptosis of many tumor cells has been linked to the activity of CD95. is a prototype death receptor characterized by the presence of an 80 amino acid death domain in its cytoplasmic tail. This domain is essential for the recruitment of a number of signaling components upon activation by either agonistic anti-CD95 antibodies or cognate CD95 ligand that initiate apoptosis. The complex of proteins that forms upon triggering of CD95 is called the death-inducting signaling complex (DISC). The DISC consists of an adaptor protein and initiator caspases and is essential for induction of apoptosis. CD95 is also crucial for the negative selection of B cells within the germinal center (GC). Impairment of CD95-mediated apoptosis results in defective affinity maturation and the persistence of autoreactive B-cell clones. Changes in the expression of CD95 and/or its ligand CD95L are frequently found in human cancer. The downregulation or mutation of CD95 has been proposed as a mechanism by which cancer cells avoid destruction by the immune system through reduced apoptosis sensitivity. Thus, CD95 has therefore been viewed as a tumor suppressor. CD95 has been reported to be involved in the activation of NF-kappaB, MAPK3/ERK1, MAPK8/JNK, and the alternate pathways for CTL-mediated cytotoxicity. Accordingly, this protein is implicated in the pathogenesis of various malignancies and diseases of the immune system. The CD95/CD95L system was implicated in the etiology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) based, primarily, on the finding that CD95 is highly expressed in the intestinal epithelial cells and that epithelial apoptosis is increased in IBD.
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TMPY-04282 | Fas/CD95 Protein, Rat, Recombinant (hFc) | Rat | HEK293 | ||
CD95 (APO-1/Fas) is an important inducer of the extrinsic apoptosis signaling pathway and therapy induced apoptosis of many tumor cells has been linked to the activity of CD95. is a prototype death receptor characterized by the presence of an 80 amino acid death domain in its cytoplasmic tail. This domain is essential for the recruitment of a number of signaling components upon activation by either agonistic anti-CD95 antibodies or cognate CD95 ligand that initiate apoptosis. The complex of proteins that forms upon triggering of CD95 is called the death-inducting signaling complex (DISC). The DISC consists of an adaptor protein and initiator caspases and is essential for induction of apoptosis. CD95 is also crucial for the negative selection of B cells within the germinal center (GC). Impairment of CD95-mediated apoptosis results in defective affinity maturation and the persistence of autoreactive B-cell clones. Changes in the expression of CD95 and/or its ligand CD95L are frequently found in human cancer. The downregulation or mutation of CD95 has been proposed as a mechanism by which cancer cells avoid destruction by the immune system through reduced apoptosis sensitivity. Thus, CD95 has therefore been viewed as a tumor suppressor. CD95 has been reported to be involved in the activation of NF-kappaB, MAPK3/ERK1, MAPK8/JNK, and the alternate pathways for CTL-mediated cytotoxicity. Accordingly, this protein is implicated in the pathogenesis of various malignancies and diseases of the immune system. The CD95/CD95L system was implicated in the etiology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) based, primarily, on the finding that CD95 is highly expressed in the intestinal epithelial cells and that epithelial apoptosis is increased in IBD.
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TMPY-03834 | Fas/CD95 Protein, Cynomolgus, Recombinant (hFc) | Cynomolgus | HEK293 | ||
CD95 (APO-1/Fas) is an important inducer of the extrinsic apoptosis signaling pathway and therapy induced apoptosis of many tumor cells has been linked to the activity of CD95. is a prototype death receptor characterized by the presence of an 80 amino acid death domain in its cytoplasmic tail. This domain is essential for the recruitment of a number of signaling components upon activation by either agonistic anti-CD95 antibodies or cognate CD95 ligand that initiate apoptosis. The complex of proteins that forms upon triggering of CD95 is called the death-inducting signaling complex (DISC). The DISC consists of an adaptor protein and initiator caspases and is essential for induction of apoptosis. CD95 is also crucial for the negative selection of B cells within the germinal center (GC). Impairment of CD95-mediated apoptosis results in defective affinity maturation and the persistence of autoreactive B-cell clones. Changes in the expression of CD95 and/or its ligand CD95L are frequently found in human cancer. The downregulation or mutation of CD95 has been proposed as a mechanism by which cancer cells avoid destruction by the immune system through reduced apoptosis sensitivity. Thus, CD95 has therefore been viewed as a tumor suppressor. CD95 has been reported to be involved in the activation of NF-kappaB, MAPK3/ERK1, MAPK8/JNK, and the alternate pathways for CTL-mediated cytotoxicity. Accordingly, this protein is implicated in the pathogenesis of various malignancies and diseases of the immune system. The CD95/CD95L system was implicated in the etiology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) based, primarily, on the finding that CD95 is highly expressed in the intestinal epithelial cells and that epithelial apoptosis is increased in IBD.
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TMPH-01456 | Human herpesvirus 6B (HHV-6 variant B) (strain Z29) Glycoprotein Q1 (His & Myc) | HHV-6B | E. coli | ||
Multiligand endocytic receptor. Acts together with CUBN to mediate endocytosis of high-density lipoproteins. Mediates receptor-mediated uptake of polybasic drugs such as aprotinin, aminoglycosides and polymyxin B. In the kidney, mediates the tubular uptake and clearance of leptin. Also mediates transport of leptin across the blood-brain barrier through endocytosis at the choroid plexus epithelium. Endocytosis of leptin in neuronal cells is required for hypothalamic leptin signaling and leptin-mediated regulation of feeding and body weight. Mediates endocytosis and subsequent lysosomal degradation of CST3 in kidney proximal tubule cells. Mediates renal uptake of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 in complex with the vitamin D3 transporter GC/DBP. Mediates renal uptake of metallothionein-bound heavy metals. Together with CUBN, mediates renal reabsorption of myoglobin. Mediates renal uptake and subsequent lysosomal degradation of APOM. Plays a role in kidney selenium homeostasis by mediating renal endocytosis of selenoprotein SEPP1. Mediates renal uptake of the antiapoptotic protein BIRC5/survivin which may be important for functional integrity of the kidney. Mediates renal uptake of matrix metalloproteinase MMP2 in complex with metalloproteinase inhibitor TIMP1. Mediates endocytosis of Sonic hedgehog protein N-product (ShhN), the active product of SHH. Also mediates ShhN transcytosis. In the embryonic neuroepithelium, mediates endocytic uptake and degradation of BMP4, is required for correct SHH localization in the ventral neural tube and plays a role in patterning of the ventral telencephalon. Required at the onset of neurulation to sequester SHH on the apical surface of neuroepithelial cells of the rostral diencephalon ventral midline and to control PTCH1-dependent uptake and intracellular trafficking of SHH. During neurulation, required in neuroepithelial cells for uptake of folate bound to the folate receptor FOLR1 which is necessary for neural tube closure. In the adult brain, negatively regulates BMP signaling in the subependymal zone which enables neurogenesis to proceed. In astrocytes, mediates endocytosis of ALB which is required for the synthesis of the neurotrophic factor oleic acid. Involved in neurite branching. During optic nerve development, required for SHH-mediated migration and proliferation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells. Mediates endocytic uptake and clearance of SHH in the retinal margin which protects retinal progenitor cells from mitogenic stimuli and keeps them quiescent. Plays a role in reproductive organ development by mediating uptake in reproductive tissues of androgen and estrogen bound to the sex hormone binding protein SHBG. Mediates endocytosis of angiotensin-2. Also mediates endocytosis of angiotensis 1-7. Binds to the complex composed of beta-amyloid protein 40 and CLU/APOJ and mediates its endocytosis and lysosomal degradation. Required for embryonic heart development. Required for normal hearing, possibly through interaction with estrogen in the inner ear.
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